Q 6: which is better, observing Sawm (fasting) or breaking Sawm while traveling?
A: Many Sahih (authentic) Hadiths which reported the sayings and the deeds of the Prophet (peace be upon him) proved that it is better for a traveler to break Sawm, whether there is hardship in travel or not. However, it is permissible for a traveler to observe Sawm.It was narrated by Imam Muslim (may Allah be merciful with him), from Hamzah ibn `Amr Al-Aslamy that he said, "O Messenger of Allah! I am strong enough to observe Sawm during travel; is there any sin in doing that?" Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said, "It is a Rukhsah (concession) from Allah; whoever takes advantage thereof is approved and whoever prefers to observe Sawm has no sin incurred."
( Part No : 10, Page No: 210)
May Allah grant us success! May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family and Companions!
Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta'
The fasting of a traveler
( Part No : 10, Page No: 200)
First question from Fatwa No. 10604
Q 1: What is the ruling on offering Salah and observing Sawm during travel? Which is better: Offering Salah in full and observing Sawm (Fast) or adopting the concessions [shortening Salah and breaking the fast] taking into consideration that far distances have become near in our present time and travel hardships have been removed?
A: It is better for a traveler to break his fast during Ramadan and shorten the four-Rak`ah Salahs (Prayer consisting of four units). It has been authentically reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said, Allah likes you to make use of His concessions just as He loves you to abide by His firm commandments Similarly, the Prophet says, It is not righteousness to fast on a journey.
May Allah grant us success! May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions!
Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta'
Second question from Fatwa No. 7652:
Q 2: what is the distance of travel in which a traveler may break their Sawm (Fast)? what if a traveler does not break it?
A: Some scholars made it permissible to shorten a four-Rak`ah Salah (Prayer) and break Sawm during the day of Ramadan as long as the person is in a state of travel. The Majority of scholars determined the distance to be approximately eighty kilometers.
As for a person who observes Sawm during travel, their Sawm is valid due to the evidence in support of its validity unless harm is expected due to fasting in which case a traveler should break their Sawm, for the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “It is not righteousness to fast while traveling.”
( Part No : 10, Page No: 204)
May Allah grant us success! May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and Companions!
Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta'
For more regarding this matter pls go
Fasting of a traveler