Welcome to the Forum :)
In addition to what My brothers have posted about God...
The Best Definition that Quran Describes God is This Chapter of the Quran. Dr Zakir Naik a famous Scholar of Islam calls this Surah, Touchstone of Theology.
Theo Means God and
ology means study. This Surah (i.e Chapter) of Quran is the 112th Surah is called
Surah Ikhlas (Chapter of Declaration of (God's) Perfection) and it Defines God in the Best manner...
112:1-4
Say "He is the One God"
"God the Eternal, the Uncaused cause of All That Exists."
"He begets not niether is He Begotten."
"and there is nothing that could be compared with Him."
This is understanding of God in Islam. If you try comprehending, then why this Surah is the touchstone of study of God, because under the light of this Surah whoever or any one who claims to be a God or is said by people to be a god, can be observed and can easily be tested and seen whether that "god" is a True God. Any one who fits in the description given in these Verses, then we can accept him to be God, and so only a True God can fit in the description of those Verses. And we can anaylize that...
If we analyze these Verses, the 1st Verse says
"He is One" i.e there cannot be a 2nd, if thats the case then they will fight, as there is a famous saying 2 Kings cannot occupy one throne.
"God the Eternal, The Uncaused Cause of all that Exists."..... If God lived from such and such time to such and such time, then He cannot be God, because God is some one who is above space and time and is some one who created space and time, as everything vanishes after a particular period because it exists in space and time. Even our Entire solar system will one day vanish. So if He existed beginning from such and such period of time, then He cannot truly be God as then that means some one has to create him ? Then if He was created then who is the Creator of Al Mighty Creator himself ? That does'nt make any sense either, so A True God is one who is not Created and is Eternal and only therefore He can be The Al Mighty Creator who created everything.
"He begets not niether is He Begotten." ... so He does not have a Father or a Mother, because God i.e Allah in Islam is niether a Male or Female or in between, because
There is None Like Him.
"and there is nothing that could be compared with Him.".. the Moment we compare any thing in the Universe with God, then He ceases to be God. Creator creates creation and is above all of His creation! For God can only be some one Unique and cannot resemble anything! And so with the end of the last Verse, this is the Concept of God in Islam
By the way We call God ..
Allah in Arabic ..
Al means Only, then
Illah means God. So its Al and Illah, i.e joined together in Arabic pronounced as
Allah.
Even the name is Unique. Why do i say such ? Because for example the word God can be played with, you put an 's' in the end it can become plural Gods and if you add 'ess' in the end, it can be pronounced as godess , a female god. But in the Arabic language , the word Allah , there is no such thing as Allah with 's'
Allahs or 'ess' in the end which can be called
Allahess , basically in Arabic the word Allah cannot be played with, and so even the Name
Allah which has been given by Himself in the Ancient Arabic , i.e Quranic Arabic, is Unique just like Himself.
So hope you enjoy your stay, and many brothers/sisters in Islam here can answer other questions for you... :)
I believe that things like meaning, purpose and values like good and bad are ideas that we humans create. I believe that when we die, the electrochemical pattern in our brains stops operating and so all the information contained within it is lost, but of course much of our influence, ideas, memes, etc. continues on in the world in the minds of other people and in the things that we've written and created and influenced.
Btw , in Islam everything is well recorded and is not lost when one dies. Rather we move on to the Next stage.