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format_quote Originally Posted by
nutty
when a noun with al comes after ismul ishaara it is know as badal
Not only a noun with al, but any definite noun, such as a person's name. And not only after ismul ishaarah, hence your confusion. When you have any two nouns, where one defines the other, explains the other, and could be substituted for the other, that is badal.
So, for example:
أَنَجَحَ هَذَا الطَالِبُ؟ Has this student passed? Here Taalib is badal for haatha
Another similar sentence: أَنَجَحَ أَخُوكَ هَاشِمٌ؟ Has your brother Hashim passed? Here Haashim is badal for your brother (akhooka). No ismul ishaarah here.
So it is not only when a noun comes after ismul ishaarah, but anytime two nouns are placed together, when one serves to specify or explain the other.
There are actually more types of badal, though the rest and their rules are a bit more complicated.
format_quote Originally Posted by
nutty
abuhunna ash-shay-khu bilaalun
abuhunna - their father - mubtadah + mudaf and mudaf ilaih
ash-shay-khu - the sheikh - khabar
bilaalun - ? - badal
how does bilaalun become badal -
according to the sentence - when a noun with al comes after ismul ishaara it is know as badal
but there is no haza before bilaalun nor does it have al
Ash-shaykhu is definite, as it has al. Bilaal is definite, as it is a proper noun, a person's name, thus it is definite by nature, so does not need to, and cannot take, al. And, as explained above, ismul ishaara is not necessary to come before it.
The noun for which the badal is the substitute is called mubdal minhu.
So ash-shaykhu is mubdal minhu and khabar. And Bilaalun is badal.
Hope that made sense, but apologies if it didn't, as I'm not that good in badal. Also see the link that sister *Yasmin* gave, which seems quite good.
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