Asalaamu alaykum waRahmatullah waBarakaatuh
Verb Patterns Table *
Muscling up Words*
This is when Arabic gets really exciting!
http://i256.photobucket.com/albums/h...B_PATTERNS.jpg
What you should Know:
1 - If you have looked at the Past Tense and Present Tense Lessons, then you know that:
dArAbA = he Hit [past tense], and Ya-Drib = He is Hitting [Present tense].
This table will use Fa3ala [he did], yaF3alu [he is Doing], Fi3Lun [to Do] as the main example.
2 - There are many verb patterns in Arabic. A sister (we ask Allah to accept her good) has made a table which summarizes an entire book into this small, useful coloured table.
So now we have a table with 10 of the main Arabic Verb Patterns used in the Arabic language.
3 - Study the table from the Left to the Right. -->
Now let's study the Table:
Verb Pattern 1 - to Do is the normal Pattern of:
Fa3ala [he Did] -
yaF3alu [he is Doing] -
Fi'lun [to Do.]
The meaning is basic, simply 'to Do' the verb [doing word] that is being said. i.e. Daraba = he Hit.
Now if we look at
Verb Pattern 2 - Intense/Repetition, we see the word:
Fa33ala (we see the 2nd root letter has been repeated twice [shadda/emphasised].)
Try saying out loud;
DaRRaba! (he Hit intensively/repeatedly [past tense]) -
yuDaRRibu! (
he is Hitting intensively/repeatedly [present tense]) -
taDReeb! -
TO Hit intensively/repeatedly [tenseless].
You see that you have to say it in a Powerful, Intensive and Repetitive way. And this is exactly what this 2nd verb pattern means.
The
3rd Pattern means; to TRY to do something with someone/thing else. (you see this is hinted at by the long stretch of sound):
F
aa3ala (he
tried to Do with someone else [past tense]) / yuFaa3ilu (he is trying to Do with someone else [present tense]) - muFaa3alatun or Fi3aal (to try to Do with someone else [tenseless]).
Lets practise an example:
Juhd = to Struggle. |
Jaahada (he
tried to Struggle with someone else [past tense]) /
yuJaahadu (trying to Struggle with someone/something else [present tense]) /
muJaahadatun / Jihaadun (to try to Struggle with someone/something else )
The
4th pattern (he does) is one which you should try not to confuse with letter ALIF's other meanings, which has many meanings (I [1st person], maximize meaning of a word, Question mark, and now this.)
How do you remove the confusion? Simply stick to this patterns full rules:
Af3al
A - you see that it
starts with an
ALIF (with a fat-ha on it), and it
ends with a Fat-ha (zabar) on the last letter. This is the biggest sign that it is this Verb Pattern 4 and not any of ALIF's other meanings.
This verb pattern means:
Doing something to something/someone else, or Causing something else.
I.e. AslamA = he Submitted / yuSlimu = Submitting [present tense] /
Islaamun [to Submit]
I hope you know how to use the table now for the rest of the words. If you don't, just ask!