Aspects Of The Days Of Ignorance

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

ASPECTS OF THE DAYS OF IGNORANCE
(Masaa'il-ul-Jaahiliyyah)

Written by Shaikh-ul-Islaam, Imaam Muhammad Ibn 'Abd-il-Wahhaab
[died 1206H]

Translated by abu maryam isma’eel alarcon

TEXT OF THE BOOK

These are the aspects that the people of the Days of Ignorance – both the people of the Book and the non-People of the Book – were upon, which the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, opposed. They are from the matters that every Muslim is required to possess knowledge of. This is since with (understanding) one side of the opposite, the goodness of the other side of the opposite can be made apparent. And it is by (making apparent the) opposite of something that matters become clarified.

The most important of these aspects (of the Days of Ignorance) and most severe in terms of danger was the absence of faith (Eemaan) in the heart, for what the Messenger of Allaah, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, came with. And if approval for what the people of the Days of Ignorance were upon is further added to this (absence of faith), then the total ruin is achieved, as Allaah says: “And those who believe in the falsehood while disbelieving in Allaah, it is they who are the losers.” [Surat-ul-‘Ankaboot: 52]
[1] They performed worship by mixing righteous people into their supplication and worship of Allaah. They only did this desiring that these (righteous people) act as intercessors for them before Allaah, based on their notion that Allaah loved this and that these righteous people loved Him. Allaah says: “And they worship besides Allaah things that harm them not nor profit them, and they say: ‘These are our intercessors with Allaah.’” [Surah Yoonus: 18]
And He says: “And those who take associates apart from Him, (they say): ‘We worship them only so that they may bring us nearer to Allaah.’” [Surat-uz-Zumar: 3]
This is the greatest of matters that the Messenger of Allaah opposed them in. So he brought sincerity (i.e. doing deeds sincerely for Allaah alone and not for anyone else) and informed that it was the Religion of Allaah, which all the messengers were sent with. And he informed us that no deeds are accepted (by Allaah), except those done sincerely (for Him alone). And he, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, informed that whosoever does what these (polytheists) approved of, then Allaah has forbidden Paradise for him and his final destination will be the Hellfire. It is due to this aspect that mankind becomes divided into Muslims and disbelievers. And it is due to it that enmity (between the two) occurs. And it is for this purpose that Jihaad was legislated, as Allaah says: “And fight them (disbelievers) until there is no more fitnah (evil/disbelief) left, and the religion is for Allaah alone.” [Surat-ul-
Anfaal: 39]

[2] They divided into sects within their religion. Allaah says: “And do not be among the polytheists – of those who split up their religion and became divided into sects – each sect rejoicing in that which it has.” [Surah Room: 32]
They also split up into divisions with regard to their worldly affairs, and they saw that as being the correct thing to do. So Allaah prescribed unity and agreement in the Religion, saying: “He has ordained for you the same religion which He ordained for Nooh and that which We have inspired in you (O Muhammad), and that which We ordained for Ibraaheem, Moosaa and ‘Eesaa, (saying): ‘You should establish the Religion and make no divisions within it.’” [Surat-ush-Shooraa: 13]
And He says: “Verily, those who split up their religion and became sects, you have no concern with them in the least.” [Surat-ul-Ana`aam: 159]
He has forbidden us from being similar to them, saying: “And be not like those who split up and differed after the clear signs came to them.” [Surah Aali `Imraan: 105]
And He has forbidden us from splitting up into sects in the Religion: “And hold firmly onto the Rope of Allaah, all of you together, and be not divided.” [Surah Aali `Imraan: 103]

[3] They held the acts of opposing the figure of authority and failing to comply with him as being something virtuous. And they saw the acts of hearing and obeying as being humiliating and degrading. So Allaah's Messenger, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, opposed them and commanded that patience be observed when facing the oppression of the rulers. And he commanded with hearing and obeying them,3 as well as advising (them). And he, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, spoke extensively in regards to that and
he constantly brought it up and repeated it.

These (first) three aspects (of the Days of Ignorance) have been gathered together in what has been related on the Prophet, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, in the two Saheehs, that he said:
“Indeed, Allaah is pleased with three things for you: 1) That you not worship (anything else) except Allaah and that you not associate anything with Him, 2) That all of you, together, hold tightly onto the Rope of Allaah and not be divided into groups, and 3) That you mutually advise he whom Allaah has given authority over your affairs.” 4
There did not occur any defects in the religious and worldly affairs of mankind, except that it was due to a violation of these (first) three aspects, or one of them.

[4] Their religion was built upon certain principles, the greatest of which was taqleed (blind following). So this was the biggest principle for all of the disbelievers – the first and last of them – as Allaah says: “And similarly, We sent not a warner before you (Muhammad) to any town (people), except that the luxurious ones among them said: ‘Verily, we found our forefathers following a certain way and religion, and we will indeed follow in their footsteps.’” [Surat-uz-Zukhruf: 23]
And He says: “And when it is said to them: ‘Follow that which Allaah has sent down’, they say: ‘Nay, we shall follow that which we found our forefathers (following).’ Would they do so even if the Devil invites them to the torment of the Fire?” [Surah Luqmaan: 21]
So He revealed to them His saying: “Say: ‘I exhort you to one thing only – that you stand up for Allaah’s sake in pairs and singly – and then reflect (upon the life of the Prophet). There is no madness in your companion (Muhammad).’” [Surat-us-Saba`:46]
And His saying: “(Say to the disbelievers): ‘Follow what has been sent down unto you from your Lord, and follow not any partners besides Him.’ Little do you remember!” [Surat-ul-A`araaf: 3]

[5] From their greatest principles was that they were deceived by (following) the majority, using that as a proof against the correctness of a matter. 5 And they also used as evidence for declaring the falsehood of something, the fact that it was strange and that
its adherents were few. So Allaah prescribed the opposite of that and He clarified this in many places of the Qur'aan.

[6] They relied upon (the actions of) their ancestors as evidence (for their doings), as is found in His saying: “Then what about the generations of old?” [Surah Taha: 51] 6
And His saying: “We never heard of this thing (which you have brought), amongst (the speech of) our forefathers.” [Surat-ul-Mu`minoon: 24] 7

[7] For means of evidence, they relied on the claim that they were a people that had been given strength in understanding and works, as well as in dominion, wealth and status.

So Allaah refuted that by saying: “And indeed We had firmly established them (disbelievers of old) with that wherewith We have not established you (O Quraish)!” [Surat-ul-Ahqaaf: 26]
And saying: “Although aforetime, they had invoked Allaah (for the coming of Muhammad) in order to gain victory over those who disbelieved. Then when there came to them that which they recognized (i.e. the Prophet), they disbelieved in him.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 89]
And saying: “Those who have been given the Scripture recognize him (Muhammad) as they recognize their own sons.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 146] 8

[8] They used as evidence for determining the falsehood of a matter, the fact that only the weak ones followed it, as is found in Allaah's saying: “They said: 'Shall we follow you, when the lowliest of people follow you?'” [Surat-ush-Shu`araa: 111] 9

And He says (relating their statements): “Is it these (poor believers) whom Allaah has favored from amongst us?” [Surat-ul-Ana`aam: 53]
So Allaah refuted this claim, saying: “Should not Allaah know best those who are grateful?” [Surat-ul-Ana`aam: 53]

[9] They followed and took their example from their evil and wicked scholars and worshippers. So Allaah revealed His saying: “O you who believe! Verily, there are many of the (Jewish) rabbis and (Christian) monks that take the wealth of mankind unjustly and hinder them (mankind) from the way of Allaah.” [Surat-ut-Tawbah: 34]
And His saying: “Do not go to extremes in your religion (by believing in something) other than the truth. And do not follow the vain desires of people that went astray, from times of past, and who misled many and strayed (themselves) from the Right Path.” [Surat-ul-Maa’idah: 77]

[10] They used the following argument for determining the falsehood of a religion: That the ones who followed it possessed a short amount of understanding and lacked good memory, as Allaah says: “They followed you without thinking.” [Surah Hood: 27] 10

[11] They used a wicked and false type of reasoning to establish evidence, as occurs in His saying: “You are no more than human beings like us!” [Surah Ibraaheem: 10] 11

[12] They rejected the correct and true way of reasoning. The reason for the occurrence of this aspect and the one before it was due to a lack of understanding, on their part, of (what consisted of) similarities and differences (i.e. similarities and differences between the prophets and normal human beings).

[13] They went to extremes with regard to their scholars and righteous people, as is found in His saying: “O People of the Book! Do not go to extremes in your religion (by exceeding the limits set forth by Allaah). And do not speak concerning Allaah, except that which is true.” [Surat-un-Nisaa: 171]

[14] Everything that has been mentioned previously is based upon a principle, which is denying and affirming. Thus they followed (their) desires and speculation while turning away from what Allaah revealed to them.

[15] They used the claim that they had a “lack of comprehending” as an excuse for not following what Allaah revealed to them, as Allaah says: “(They said): 'Our hearts are sealed (with coverings).'” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 88]

And He says: “(They said): ‘O Shu’aib, we do not understand much of what you say!’” [Surah Hood: 91]

So Allaah declared them to be liars and clarified that their lack of understanding was due to the sealing of their hearts, and the sealing of their hearts was due to their disbelief.

[16] They replaced what came to them from Allaah with books of magic, as Allaah mentions in His saying: “And when there came to them a Messenger from Allaah confirming what was with them, a party of those who were given the scripture threw the Book of Allaah behind their backs, as if they did not know! And they followed (instead) what the devils gave out (falsely of magic) in the lifetime of Sulaymaan.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 101-102]

[17] They ascribed their falsehood to the prophets, as is found in Allaah’s saying: “And Sulaymaan did not disbelieve” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 102] and His saying: “Ibraaheem was neither a Jew nor a Christian.” [Surah Aali ‘Imraan: 67] 12

[18] They contradicted themselves in their affiliations, for they affiliated themselves to Ibraaheem, yet they openly manifested their abandonment of following him.

[19] They would slander and accuse righteous people based on the actions of other who had close relations with these (righteous people). An example of this is found in the Jews' slander of 'Eesaa and the Christians' and Jews' slander of Muhammad. 13

[20] They believed that the tricks of the sorcerers and their likes were from the miracles of the righteous people. And they attributed it to the prophets, such as their ascribing it to Sulaymaan.

[21] They performed worship by whistling and clapping their hands. 14

[22] They took their Religion as an amusement and a game. 15

[23] They were deluded by the life of this world. So they perceived Allaah’s bestowal of worldly material (on someone), as an indication of His contentment (with that person),16 as He says: “And they say: ‘We are abundant in wealth and in children. And (because of that) we are not going to be punished.’” [Surah Saba’: 35]

[24] They refused to enter into the truth when they saw that they had already been preceded to it by the weak and poor - out of pride and disdain - so Allaah revealed: “And turn not away those who invoke their Lord, morning and afternoon seeking His Face.” [Surat-ul-Ana’aam: 52] 17

[25] They determined the truth to be false based upon their argument that the weak and poor people took precedence in accepting it. This is as He says: “(They said): ‘Had it (i.e. Islaam) been something good, they (poor and weak ones) would not have preceded us in (accepting) it.’” [Surat-ul-Ahqaaf: 11]

[26] They distorted (i.e. tahreef) the Book of Allaah after having comprehended it, while doing so knowingly (i.e. deliberately and not out of ignorance).18

To be continued...

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

[27] They authored books of falsehood and then attributed them to Allaah, as is found in His saying: “Then woe to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say: ‘This is from Allaah.’” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 79]

[28] They did not accept anything from the truth, except for that which was (in accordance) with their party/group. Allaah says: “And when it is said to them (Jews): ‘Believe in what Allaah has sent down’, they say: ‘We will believe in (only) what was sent down to us.’ And they disbelieved in that which came after it, whereas it is the truth confirming what is with them.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 91]

[29] But in spite of this, they did not even have knowledge of what the party/group (that they adhered to) used to believe, as Allaah points out in His saying: "Then why have you killed the prophets of Allaah aforetime, if you indeed were believers?" [Suratul-Baqarah: 91]

[30] It is from the amazing signs of Allaah that when these people abandoned the command of Allaah to unite and began to commit that which Allaah forbade from evil, the matter became such as: "Each group rejoicing in that which it has."

[31] It is also from the amazing signs of Allaah that these people held the highest degree of hatred for the religion they affiliated themselves with, while having love for the religion of the disbelievers – those who were enemies to them and their prophet. And their trial was found in the extent of their love (for that religion of their enemies). As they did with the Prophet, sallAllaahu 'alayhi wa sallam, when they approached him with the religion of Moosaa, while (in reality) they were following the books of magic. And that (magic) was from the religion of the people of Pharaoh.

[32] They disbelieved in the truth if it was found with someone that they did not like or agree with. Allaah says: "The Jews say that the Christians follow nothing (i.e. are on the wrong Religion) and the Christians say that the Jews follow nothing." [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 113]

[33] They rejected what they agreed was part of their Religion, as they did during the Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (i.e. the Ka'bah).19 Allaah says: "And who turns away from the religion of Ibraaheem (pure Tawheed), except he who fools himself." [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 130]

[34] Every one of (their) groups claimed that they were the saved one.20 So Allaah declared them to be liars with His saying: "Bring forth your proof if you are indeed truthful.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 111]
Then He clarifies what is correct, saying: "Rather, whosoever submits himself to Allaah while he is a good-doer, 21 then his reward is with Allaah.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah:112]

[35] They performed their acts of worship while exposing their private parts, as Allaah says: "And when they committed an evil deed (i.e. going around the Ka’bah in a naked state), they said: ‘We found our forefathers doing it.’” [Surat-ul-A`araaf: 28]

[36] They performed worship by forbidding the lawful, in the same manner that they worshipped by ascribing partners to Allaah. 22

[37] They observed their worship by taking their rabbis and monks (i.e. learned people) as lords besides Allaah. 23

[38] They denied Allaah's Attributes, as Allaah says: "But you thought that Allaah did not know much of what you were doing." [Surah Fussilat: 22] 24

[39] They denied Allaah's Names, as Allaah says: "While they disbelieve in Ar-Rahmaan (The Most Merciful)." [Surat-ur-Ra`ad: 30] 25

[40] They committed ta`teel (negation of Allaah's Names and Attributes), as is found in the statement of the people of Pharaoh. 26

[41] They attributed deficiencies to Allaah, such as a child, (having) a need and tiredness, while (on the other hand), they eliminated some of these deficiencies from their religious leaders (i.e. monks). 27

[42] They committed shirk in Allaah's sovereignty (mulk), as is found in the beliefs of the Majoos. 28

[43] They rejected Al-Qadar (Divine Preordainment).29

[44] They used Al-Qadar as an excuse (for themselves) against Allaah.

[45] They opposed Allaah's Legislation (i.e. commandments) by using His Divine Preordainment (as an argument).

[46] They reviled time as is found in their saying: "There is nothing but our life of this world. We die and we live and nothing destroys us except Ad-Dahr (time)." [Suratul-Jaathiyah: 24]

[47] They attributed Allaah's blessings to someone other than Him, as He says: "They recognize the blessings of Allaah, yet they deny them (by worshipping others besides Allaah)." [Surat-un-Nahl: 83] 30

[48] They disbelieved in the signs of Allaah.

[49] They rejected some of them (these signs). 31

[50] They said: "Allaah did not send down anything to a man." [Surat-ul-Ana`aam:91] 32

[51] They said about the Qur'aan: "Verily, this is nothing but the word of a man." [Surat-ul-Muddaththir: 25]

[52] They attacked the wisdom of Allaah, the Mighty.

[53] They employed different schemes – both hidden and apparent – to repel what the messengers came with. This is as is found in His saying: "And they (disbelievers) plotted, while Allaah (too) plotted." [Surah Aali `Imraan: 54]

And His saying: "And a party of the people of the Scripture say: 'Believe in the morning in that which is revealed to the believers, and reject it at the end of the day, so that they may turn back.'" [Surah Aali `Imraan: 72]

[54] They agreed with the truth in order to find a way to repel it, as Allaah has stated in the aforementioned verse.

[55] They held fanaticism for a particular madh-hab (i.e. belief, school of thought), as is found in His saying concerning that (quoting from the disbelievers): “And do not believe (in anyone), except he who follows your religion (way of thinking).” [Surah Aali ‘Imraan: 73]

[56] They labeled the aspect of following Islaam as being a form of Shirk (association of partners in the worship of Allaah). This has been mentioned by Allaah in His saying: “It is not possible for a human being that Allaah give him the Book, the rule and the prophethood and then he (turns around after that) saying to the people: ‘Be my worshippers, rather than Allaah's.’ On the contrary, (he would say): 'Be you Rabanniyoon (learned religious men) because of your having taught and studied the Book.' Nor would he order you to take angels and prophets as lords (i.e. gods). Would He order you to disbelieve after you have submitted to Allaah's Will?”
[Surah Aali ‘Imraan: 79-80]

[57] They distorted (Allaah’s) words from their original state (i.e. meanings).

[58] They twisted (the meanings of) the words found in the Book.

[59] They labeled the people of guidance with evil names such as “Sabian” and “Hashawee” (i.e. rebel).

[60] They fabricated lies upon Allaah.

[61] They disbelieved in the truth.

[62] They held the condition that, whenever overcome by established proof (against them), they fled to complain to the king (or ruler), as Allaah says: "The chiefs of the people of Pharaoh said (to Pharaoh): 'Will you leave Moosaa and his people to spread mischief in the land?'" [Surat-ul-A'araaf: 127]

[63] They accused them (i.e. the prophets who refuted them) of causing mischief in the land, as is stated in the (previous) verse.

[64] They accused them of defaming and belittling the religion of the king (or ruler), as Allaah says: “The chiefs of Pharaoh's people said: 'Will you leave Moosaa and his people to spread mischief in the land and to abandon you and your gods." [Surat-ul-A’araaf: 127] And He says (quoting Pharaoh): “Verily, I fear that he will change your religion.” [Surah Ghaafir: 26] 33

[65] They accused them of defaming and belittling the (false) gods of the king, as is stated in the (previous) verse.

[66] They accused them of changing the Religion, as Allaah says: “Verily, I fear that he will change your religion or that mischief and evil will spread throughout the land.” [Surah Ghaafir: 26]

[67] They accused them of defaming and belittling the king (ruler), as Allaah says: “The chiefs of Pharaoh's people said: 'Will you leave Moosaa and his people to spread mischief in the land and to abandon you and your gods." [Surat-ul-A’araaf: 127]

[68] They claimed that they acted upon what was with them from the truth, as is found in His saying: “They say: ‘We will believe in what was sent down to us’” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 91], while (in reality) they abandoned it.

[69] They would make additions to their acts of worship (by innovating into them), as was done by them on the day of ‘Aashooraa.

[70] They would (on the other hand) make decreases in their worship also, as was done in their abandonment of stopping at the mountain of ‘Arafaat.

[71] They abandoned performing obligatory matters out of (false) piety.

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

[72] They performed worship by forsaking the good things that were bestowed unto them (by Allaah).

[73] They performed worship by abandoning the beautification of Allaah.34

[74] They called the people towards misguidance, without any knowledge.

[75] They called the people towards disbelief, while knowing.

[76] They would plot powerful plots (against the prophets), as was done by the people of Nooh. 35

[77] Their leaders consisted of two types: Either he was an evil scholar or he was an ignorant worshipper. This is as Allaah says: "Do you (believers) covet that they (Jewish Rabbis) will believe in your religion, in spite of the fact that a party of them (Rabbis) used to hear the word of Allaah (i.e. Torah), then they used to change it knowingly after they had understood it. And when they (Jews) meet those who believe (Muslims), they say: 'We believe.' But when they meet one another in privacy, they say: 'Shall you (Jews) tell them (Muslims) what Allaah has revealed to you, so that they may argue with you about it before their Lord. Have you (Jews) then no understanding? Know they not that Allaah knows what they conceal and what they reveal. And there are among them (Jewish Rabbis), unlettered people who know not the Book, but they trust upon false desires and they but guess." [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 75-78]

[78] They claimed that they were the awliyaa (friends/supporters) of Allaah apart from all other people.

[79] They claimed to love Allaah, while they abandoned His Divine Laws. So Allaah tested them, saying: “Say (O Muhammad): ‘If you truly love Allaah, then follow me, Allaah will love you and forgive you your sins.” [Surah Aali ‘Imraan: 31] 36

[80] They held onto false hopes, such as their saying: "The Hellfire will not touch us, except for a limited number of days.” [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 80] 37 And their saying: "None shall enter Paradise unless he is a Jew or a Christian." [Surat-ul-Baqarah:111]

[81] They took the graves of their prophets and righteous people as places of worship (masaajid). 38

[82] They took the marks of their prophets (i.e. places where their prophets had been) as places of worship, as has been narrated on 'Umar. 39

[83] They placed lamps upon the graves.

[84] They took these places (gravesites) as locations for celebrating holidays.

[85] They performed sacrifices at the gravesites.

[86] They sought to gain blessings from the marks and relics of their (deceased) prestigious and revered ones, such as was the case with the central town meeting hall (Daar An-Nadwah). Those who were in its power used to brag and boast about it, as it was said to Hakeem Ibn Hazzaam (when he sold Daar An-Nadwah): “You have sold the honor of Quraish.” So he said: “All honor has passed away except that of piety (Taqwaa).”

[87] They boasted and were prideful about their family descent.

[88] They slandered (people’s) chains of lineage.

[89] They sought the expectation of rain from (determining it through) the constellations of stars (not from Allaah).40

[90] Their women would wail and lament for the deceased ( An-Niyaaha).41

[91] The most honorable of their virtues was bragging and boasting about their chains of lineage. So Allaah revealed concerning it, what He revealed.

[92] The most honorable of their virtues, also, was bragging and boasting, even when they had a right to do so. So Allaah forbade that.

[93] Holding individual fanaticism and zealotry for one's party/group whether they were upon truth or falsehood was a must according to them. So Allaah revealed what He did concerning that matter.

[94] Their religion consisted of holding people accountable for the crimes of others. So Allaah revealed: "And no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another." [Surat-ul-Ana'aam: 164]

[95] They used to condemn a person due to what was found in someone else. This is seen in the Prophet’s saying (to Abu Dharr, radyAllaahu 'anhu, when he argued with Bilaal and called him 'son of a black woman'): "Do you condemn him because of his mother? Indeed you are a man who has in him, (aspects of) Jaahiliyyah (the Days of Ignorance)!" 42

[96] They bragged and boasted that they were the caretakers of the House (of Allaah, i.e. the Ka'abah). So Allaah rebuked them, saying: "In pride, they (Quraish used to feel pride that they were the dwellers of the Makkah sanctuary) talking evil about it (the Qur'aan) by night." [Surat-ul-Mu’minoon: 67] 43

[97] They would boast about their condition of being from among the offspring of the prophets. So Allaah revealed His saying: “That was a nation that has passed away. They shall receive the reward of what they earned and you of what you earned." [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 134] 44

[98] They would boast about their trades, just as the merchants do considering themselves above the farmers. 45

[99] The worldly life was glorified in their hearts, as is found in His saying: “And they say: 'Why is not this Qur'aan sent down to some great man of the two towns (Makkah and Taa'if)?'" [Surat-uz-Zukhruf: 31] 46

[100] They sought to judge over Allaah, as is seen in His (previous) saying.

[101] They looked down upon the poor folk. So Allaah revealed His saying: "And turn not away those who invoke their Lord morning and afternoon, seeking His Face." [Surat-ul-Ana’aam: 52]

[102] They accused those who followed the messengers of having a lack of sincerity and of desiring to achieve worldly ends. So Allaah responded to them by saying: “You are accountable for them in nothing" [Surat-ul-Ana’aam: 52] and other similar statements.

[103] They disbelieved in the angels.

[104] They disbelieved in the messengers (sent by Allaah).

[105] They disbelieved in the revealed books (of Allaah).

[106] They turned away from (accepting) what was reported concerning Allaah.

[107] They disbelieved in the Last Day.

[108] They denied that they would meet Allaah (on the Day of Judgement).

[109] They denied some of the aspects that the messengers (of Allaah) informed of concerning the Last Day, as is found in His saying: “They are the ones who disbelieve in the verses of their Lord and in (their) Meeting (with) Him.” [Surat-ul-Kahf: 105]
This includes denial of His saying: “Master of the Day of Recompense” [Surat-ul-Faatihah: 2]
And His saying: “Spend of that with which We have provided you before a Day comes when there will be no bargaining nor friendship nor intercession" [Surat-ul-Baqarah: 254] and His saying: “Except for those who bear witness to the truth while knowing.” [Surat-uz-Zukhruf: 86]

[110] They killed those people who commanded towards justice and fairness. 47

[111] They believed in al-Jibt and at-Taaghoot (false deities and religions). 48

[112] They preferred the religion of the polytheists over the religion of the Muslims.

[115] They enforced the source principle of misguidance, and that is speaking about Allaah without any knowledge. 50

[116] They found themselves in clear contradiction when they chose to disbelieve in the truth, as Allaah says: “But they disbelieved in the truth when it came to them, so they are in a state of utter confusion.” [Surah Qaaf: 5]

[117] They believed in some parts of Allaah’s revelation, while rejecting other parts. 51

[118] They differentiated between the messengers.52

[119] They argued and challenged those things that they had no knowledge of.

[120] They claimed to follow the Salaf (righteous predecessors), while (in fact) they openly opposed and contradicted them.

[121] The hindered anyone who believed in Allaah from His path.

[122] They loved disbelief and the disbelievers.

[123] They used to believe in omens ( Al-‘Iyyaafah).

[124] They used to draw lines on the ground in order to predict future events ( At-Tarq).

[125] They would foretell upcoming events (omens) based upon the flight of birds (At-Teerah). 53

[113] They covered the truth with falsehood.

[114] They concealed the truth, while possessing full knowledge of it. 49

[126] They indulged in soothsaying and fortune telling ( Al-Kahaanah).

[127] They appealed to At-Taaghoot (false deities and systems) for judgement.54

[128] They hated that two servants (of Allaah) marry one another. 55

And Allaah knows best. May the peace and blessings of Allaah be upon Muhammad, his family and his Companions .