Let me try.
For me it is a straight forward matter. Because it is a sensitive matter I will treat it with respect mostly bevause it is about our prophets too!.
It all started with the creation of Adam, pbuh resulting in Satan swearing to lead man astray.
So with every prophet sent, Satan set about distorting the messages. Why do you think most prophets had a tough time delivering the Word of Allah? ..(or Eloh in Hebrew?)
Why does the message need to be repeated again and again countless generations if not for Satan's handiwork of leading man astray? They even requested miracles from various prophets to prove as though the words were not true enough. Why were all the successive prophets required after Musa pbuh all the way to Isa pbuh if not for Satan still leading man astray from the Message of Allah.
Up to then, the scriptures were kept by the clerics who were generally taught to read and write. They decided what the general public should know.
The final message, the MOST important of them all as it encapsulated all the previous messages for ALL the followers of the previous Books to now study this, protected from corruption as it is learnt by heart by everyone who can. Not limited to the clerics. So the laws as laid down in the Quran and the words used will never be changed. It was further safeguarded by getting it written and standardised.
Only with the advent of modern computers that other mathematical and numeric 'miracles' are discovered in the Quran. That removal or addition of any single word would not 'add up'..
So the Quran's purpose is that. The prophets of past that delivered their messages did their job as best as they could and were very noble people. Best of humanity. However, the same can't be said of the clerics class of people, who 'administer' the Words of Allah after the prophets have gone, that has been developing since Satan made that vow.
There are many muslims, born muslims mostly that have not willingly of own accord, picked up a Quran to read and understand. The unchanged word of God. How well has Satan kept his words?
Unfortunately, the Psalms, Torah and Bible got seriously 'adjusted'. Hence the difference between us in otherwise as you said, similar in base. The truth is in the that difference.
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