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DNA of Human and chimpanzee

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    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

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    Atheists claim that chimp and human possess 98% similar DNA. But truth is,there lies a huge difference. Because, calculation of percentage is not accurate.

    Imperfect Calculation

    A review by Gagneux and Varki describes a list of genetic differences between humans and the great apes. The differences include ‘cytogenetic differences, differences in the type and number of repetitive genomic DNA and transposable elements, abundance and distribution of endogenous retroviruses, the presence and extent of allelic polymorphisms, specific gene inactivation events, gene sequence differences, gene duplications, single nucleotide polymorphisms, gene expression differences, and messenger RNA splicing variations
    (Gagneux, P. and Varki, A. 2001. ‘Genetic differences between humans and great apes.’ Mol Phylogenet Evol 18:2–13.)

    Specific examples of these differences include:
    1. At the end of each chromosome is a string of repeating DNA sequences called a telomere. Chimpanzees and other apes have about 23 kilobases
      (a kilobase is 1,000 base pairs of DNA) of repeats. Humans are unique among primates with much shorter telomeres only 10 kilobases long.
      ( Kakuo, S., Asaoka, K. and Ide, T. 1999. ‘Human is a unique species among primates in terms of telomere length.’ Biochem Biophys Res Commun 263:308–314.)
    2. While 18 pairs of chromosomes are ‘virtually identical’, chromosomes 4, 9 and 12 show evidence of being ‘remodeled.’5 In other words, the genes and markers on these chromosomes are not in the same order in the human and chimpanzee. Instead of ‘being remodeled’ as the evolutionists suggest, these could, logically, also be intrinsic differences because of a separate creation. (Gibbons, A. 1998. ‘Which of our genes make us human?’ Science 281:1432–1434.)
    3. The Y chromosome in particular is of a different size and has many markers that do not line up between the human and chimpanzee.
      ( Archidiacono, N., Storlazzi, C.T., Spalluto, C., Ricco, A.S., Marzella, R., Rocchi, M. 1998. ‘Evolution of chromosome Y in primates.’ Chromosoma 107:241–246.)
    4. Scientists have prepared a human-chimpanzee comparative clone map of chromosome 21 in particular. They observed ‘large, non-random regions of difference between the two genomes.’ They found a number of regions that ‘might correspond to insertions that are specific to the human lineage.
      ( Fujiyama, A., Watanabe, H., Toyoda, A., Taylor, T.D., Itoh, T., Tsai, S.F., Park, H.S., Yaspo, M.L., Lehrach, H., Chen, Z., Fu, G., Saitou, N., Osoegawa, K., de Jong, P.J., Suto, Y., Hattori, M., and Sakaki, Y. 2002. ‘Construction and analysis of a Human-Chimpanzee Comparative Clone Map.’ Science 295:131–134.)


    These types of differences are not generally included in calculations of percent DNA similarity.

    Impossible to Calculate Accurately

    A 2007 essay in the journal Science, "Relative Differences: The Myth of 1%," says this:

    Could all of what’s known and come up with a precise percentage difference between humans and chimpanzees? "I don’t think there’s any way to calculate a number," says geneticist Svante P��bo, a chimp consortium member based at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany. "In the end, it’s a political and social and cultural thing about how we see our differences." [Emphasis added.] for details : http://science.sciencemag.org/conten...3/1836.summary

    Probable Similarity

    Geneticist Richard

    Buggs has explained, the genetic similarity between humans and chimps may be even lower than 95%:

    "To compare the two [human and chimpanzee] genomes, the first thing we must do is to line up the parts of each genome that are similar. When we do this alignment, we discover that only 2400 million of the human genome’s 3164.7 million “letters” align with the chimpanzee genome — that is, 76% of the human genome. Some scientists have argued that the 24% of the human genome that does not line up with the chimpanzee genome is useless “junk DNA.” However, it now seems that this DNA could contain over 600 protein-coding genes, and also code for functional RNA molecules.

    Looking closely at the chimpanzee-like 76% of the human genome, we find that to make an exact alignment, we often have to introduce artificial gaps in either the human or the chimp genome. These gaps give another 3% difference. So now we have a 73% similarity between the two genomes.

    In the neatly aligned sequences we now find another form of difference, where a single “letter” is different between the human and chimp genomes. These provide another 1.23% difference between the two genomes. Thus, the percentage difference is now at around 72%.

    We also find places where two pieces of human genome align with only one piece of chimp genome, or two pieces of chimp genome align with one piece of human genome. This “copy number variation” causes another 2.7% difference between the two species. Therefore the total similarity of the genomes could be below 70%. "
    http://www.refdag.nl/chimpanzee_1_282611

    Is 95% Similarity Possible?

    Haldane problem

    The famous evolutionary geneticist J.B.S. Haldane (1892–1964) was one of the three founders of the field of study known as population genetics. Haldane articulated a serious problem for evolutionary theory in a seminal paper in 1957—the ‘cost of substitution’.
    ( Haldane, J.B.S., The cost of natural selection, J. Genetics 55:511–524.)

    When a beneficial mutation occurs in a population, it has to increase in the number of copies for the population to progress evolutionarily (if the mutation remained in one individual, then evolution cannot proceed; this is fairly obvious). In other words, it has to substitute for the non-mutated genes in the population. But the rate at which this can happen is limited. A major factor limiting the rate of substitution is the reproduction rate of the species. For a human-like creature with a generation time of about 20 years and low reproduction rate per individual, the rate of growth in numbers of a mutation in a population will be exceedingly slow. This is basically the ‘cost of substitution’.

    Imagine a population of 100,000 apes, the putative progenitors of humans. Suppose that a male and a female both received a mutation so beneficial that they out-survived everyone else; all the rest of the population died out—all 99,998 of them. And then the surviving pair had enough offspring to replenish the population in one generation. And this repeated every generation (every 20 years) for 10 million years, more than the supposed time since the last common ancestor of humans and apes. That would mean that 500,000 beneficial mutations could be added to the population (i.e., 10,000,000/20). Even with this completely unrealistic scenario, which maximizes evolutionary progress, only about 0.02% of the human genome could be generated. Considering that the difference between the DNA of a human and a chimp, our supposed closest living relative, is greater than 5%,2 evolution has an obvious problem in explaining the origin of the genetic information in a creature such as a human.
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    The theory of evolution is a trick of Iblis to separate man from his noble creation.
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Claim: Human DNA is 99 percent similar to chimpanzee DNA, so, they have common ancestor.

    What you need to know:

    1- The claim itself is a logical fallacy (Jumping to conclusion) (Fallacy of Reification) as well as being inaccurate, read below.

    2- Genetic information in all living creatures is encoded as a sequence of only 4 nucleotides (guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine) recorded using the letters G, A, T, and C. It is surely natural for the human body to bear some molecular similarities to other living beings, because they all are made up of the same molecules, they all use the same water and atmosphere, and they all consume foods consisting of the same molecules. Certainly, their metabolisms and therefore genetic make-ups would resemble one another. This, however, is not evidence that they evolved from a common ancestor. It is possible to explain this matter with an example; all construction in the world is done with similar materials (brick, iron, cement, etc.). They are constructed separately by using common materials. The same holds for living beings as well.

    3- We know that DNA in cells contains much of the information necessary for the development of an organism. In other words, if two organisms look similar, we would expect there to be some similarity also in their DNA. The DNA of a cow and a whale, two mammals, should be more alike than the DNA of a cow and a bacterium. If it were not so, then the whole idea of DNA being the information carrier in living things would have to be questioned. Likewise, humans and apes have a lot of morphological similarities, so we would expect there would be similarities in their DNA. Of all the animals, chimps are most like humans,1 so we would expect that their DNA would be most like human DNA.


    4- Similarity (‘homology’) is not evidence for common ancestry (evolution) as against a common creator. Why ?
    Whether similarity is morphological (appearance), or biochemical, is of no consequence to the lack of logic in this argument.


    humanchimpdnasimilaritiesheader600x200pn 1 - DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    5- Humans and chimps share about 96 percent of their sequence.1 so the difference is about 120,000,000 base pairs , The similarity isn't something unexpected. We already knew there was a vast amount of similarity between humans and primates both in terms of physical characteristics and structure. It is a mistake to assume that observing similarities necessarily brings you to the conclusion of common descent. Taxonomy based on physical characteristics was already a very well established science when the idea of common descent came on the scene.Would it mean that humans could have ‘evolved’ from a common ancestor with chimps? Not at all! The amount of information in the 3 billion base pairs in the DNA in every human cell has been estimated to be equivalent to that in 1,000 books of encyclopaedia size.2

    6- About 35 million DNA base pairs differ between the shared portions of the two genomes, each of which, like most mammalian genomes, contains about 3 billion base pairs. In addition, there are another 5 million sites that differ along with a much smaller number of different chromosomal arrangements.1

    7- As many as 3 million of the differences lie in crucial protein-coding genes or other functional areas of the genome.1


    8- Moreover, the basic proteins are common vital molecules present in various other living things. The structure of the same kinds of proteins present not only in chimpanzee, but also in completely different living creatures, is very similar to that in humans.
    For example:

    • Cats have 90% of homologous genes with humans, 82% with dogs, 80% with cows, 79% with chimpanzees, 69% with rats and 67% with mice. 3
    • Cows (Bos taurus) are 80% genetically similar to humans4
    • 99% of mouse genes turn out to have analogues in humans 5-75% of mouse genes have equivalents in humans6 , 90% of the mouse genome could be lined up with a region on the human genome 7
    • The fruit fly (Drosophila) shares about 60% of its DNA with humans 8
    • About 60% of chicken genes correspond to a similar human gene.9

    9 - Telomeres in Chimpanzees and other apes have about 23 kilobases (a kilobase is 1,000 base pairs of DNA) of repeats. Humans are unique among primates with much shorter telomeres only 10 kilobases long.10

    10 - The Y chromosome in particular is of a different size and has many markers that do not line up between the human and chimpanzee. Page's team found that the chimp Y chromosome has only two-thirds as many distinct genes or gene families as the human Y chromosome and only 47% as many protein-coding elements as humans. The remainder of the chimp and human genomes are thought to differ in gene number by less than 1%. More than 30% of the chimp Y chromosome lacks an alignable counterpart on the human Y chromosome, and vice versa, whereas this is true for less than 2% of the remainder of the genome.

    11- If humans were entirely different from all other living things, or indeed if every living thing was entirely different, would this reveal the Creator to us? No! We would logically think that there must be many creators rather than one. The unity of the creation is testimony to the One True God who made it all.

    - Biochemist Prof. Michael Denton made the following comments;

    Each class at molecular level is unique, isolated and unlinked by intermediates. Thus, molecules, like fossils, have failed to provide the elusive intermediates so long sought by evolutionary biology… At a molecular level, no organism is "ancestral" or "primitive" or "advanced" compared with its relatives… There is little doubt that if this molecular evidence had been available a century ago… the idea of organic evolution might never have been accepted (Michael Denton, Evolution: A Theory in Crisis. London: Burnett Books, 1985, p. 290-291)
    http://evolutionfactormyth.blogspot....ilarities.html
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Have you ever wondered that those apes the kuffar have tested for DNA to suggest commonality are really the descendants of the jews whom Allah turned into apes thousands of years ago?

    You very well know the story of those of you who transgressed in the matter of the Sabbath; We ordered them: "Be detested apes".[2.65]
    Thus, We made their fate an example to their own people and to succeeding generations, and a lesson to those who are God-conscious.[2.66]
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    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    "When a person sees the road as too long, he weakens in his walk." - Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    as far as I know,according to majority of ulama, ape was present before that curse of Allah on them
    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Leave me alone. Let me serve this ummah anonymously.
    Truth has come, and falsehood has departed. Indeed is falsehood, [by nature], ever bound to depart."(verse 17:81)
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    format_quote Originally Posted by Mahir Adnan View Post
    as far as I know,according to majority of ulama, ape was present before that curse of Allah on them
    Thanks Captain Obvious, but what I am saying is those Jews that Allah turned into apes could have procreated after their curse with their genes mixing with apes onward in the history of man. Possible? Probable?
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    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Assalam alaikum

    But these monkeys and pigs that exist nowadays are not the people from the earlier nations who were transformed, because Allaah does not enable those who have been transformed to have offspring, rather He causes them to die after being transformed, so they have no offspring.

    Muslim (2663) narrated that ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Mas’ood said: “A man said, ‘O Messenger of Allaah, are the monkeys and pigs those who have been transformed?’ The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: ‘Allaah does not enable those who have been transformed to have offspring or children."

    https://islamqa.info/en/14085
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    not just athiest claims tho
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Perhaps Atheist are proud of being among the chimpanzee.
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    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Allah (swt) knows best
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    format_quote Originally Posted by Misbah-Abd View Post
    Have you ever wondered that those apes the kuffar have tested for DNA to suggest commonality are really the descendants of the jews whom Allah turned into apes thousands of years ago?

    You very well know the story of those of you who transgressed in the matter of the Sabbath; We ordered them: "Be detested apes".[2.65]
    Thus, We made their fate an example to their own people and to succeeding generations, and a lesson to those who are God-conscious.[2.66]

    Those Jews who disobeyed the Command of Allah and continued to fish on Saturday, were cursed and were changed into apes. Those apes, all of them, died in about three days. The apes are not their descendants. Apes were present before them and after them like all other animals.
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    DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    For the translation and short explanation of the surahs / verses of the Holy Quraan go to


    https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAb...TcknAmy9Y5Bv1A
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    Greetings and peace be with you Mahir Adnan;

    Atheists claim that chimp and human possess 98% similar DNA.
    This means that both chimps and humans share the same Creator God, I don't believe that we share the same ancestors.

    In the spirit of searching for god,
    Eric
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    Re: DNA of Human and chimpanzee

    format_quote Originally Posted by Eric H View Post
    Greetings and peace be with you Mahir Adnan;



    This means that both chimps and humans share the same Creator God, I don't believe that we share the same ancestors.

    In the spirit of searching for god,
    Eric
    Yes. This whole claim of genetics proving evolution is only proof if you assume evolution to be true, which is just circular reasoning. One could easily just say God made us out of similar materials. Not to mention the calculations might even be highly overestimated (as mentioned earlier). Also, no matter how much atheist keyboard warriors yap on about chromosome 2, it isn't conclusive (as many articles online will explain).

    Other than genetics, the only proof evolutionists claim to have of evolution from monkeys to humans is the fossil record. Unfortunately for them, not only have they still not got the missing link (no matter how much they scream that they do), they've also been known to forge missing links in the past (google the Piltdown man), and even now, some of their beloved ape fossils might just be fakes too (Lucy has been accused of being a fake several times, with some of her bones allegedly belonging to baboons).
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