⇨ "CHARITY OF POSTHUMOUS EFFECT (SADAQA JAARIYYA)" ✦
It is narrated on the authority of Abu Hurayra (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu 'alayhi wa salam said:â–º
"The action of man stops when he dies EXCEPT THREE THINGS: continuous CHARITY, KNOWLEDGE that benefits or a pious CHILD who prays for him." [Muslim: 4223]
66. 4 sunnah before Asr Ibn Umar [رضى الله عنه] narrated that : The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "May Allah have mercy upon a man who prays four before Al-Asr."
Grade : Hasan, Ref : Jami` at-Tirmidhi 430
These are not among the 12 daily recommended sunnahs, but if anyone's prays here is the reward.
And we know, no one is going to enter Paradise, without the Mercy of Allah.
Hadith on Mercy: No one will enter Paradise because of his good deeds, but only because of Allah's mercy.
Aisha (رضي الله عنها) reported: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Be deliberate in worship, draw near to Allah, and give glad tidings. Verily, none of you will enter Paradise because of his deeds alone.” They said, “Not even you, O Messenger of Allah?” The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Not even me, unless Allah grants me mercy from himself. Know that the most beloved deed to Allah is that which is done regularly even if it is small.”
Source: Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 6099, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim 2818
Grade: Muttafaqun Alayhi (authenticity agreed upon) according to Al-Bukhari and Muslim
67. Conflict of Asr prayer time
Other than the minor changes in degrees and minutes, in the various calculation methods, there is not much of a difference in salah times. The major difference comes for Asr salah.
In one of those views, there is great difference of opinion within the Hanafi school about the time of Asr. This arose from the fact that both of Abu Hanifa’s main students, Qadi Abu Yusuf and Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, held Asr to come in at one shadow length (shafai time), contrary to their teacher’s position of two shadow lengths.
Both views are correct according to the Hanafi maslak, and there is no issue with praying Asr at any of the times, as it only causes a delay of 45 minutes. However, the issue arises when one delays Zuhr upto the time of Hanafi Asr, thinking he still has time, and it causes Zuhr salah to be invalid as the window of Zuhr salah has ceased.
Narrated Rafi` bin Khadij [رضى الله عنه]
We used to offer the `Asr prayer with the Prophet (ﷺ) and slaughter a camel, the meat of which would be divided in ten parts. We would eat the cooked meat before sunset.
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 2485
It takes considerable amount of time to perform the above tasks.
Slaughter the camel
Skin the camel
Cut the meat
Divide it into 10 parts
Cook the meat
Eat the meat...... all to be done between Asr and sunset.
Narrated Muhammad bin `Amr : We asked Jabir bin `Abdullah [رضى الله عنه] about the prayers of the Prophet (ﷺ) . He said, "He used to pray Zuhr prayer at midday, the `Asr when the sun was still hot, and the Maghrib after sunset (at its stated time). The `Isha was offered early if the people gathered, and used to be delayed if their number was less; and the morning prayer was offered when it was still dark. "
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 565
Asr was prayed when sun was hot!
It was narrated that Abu Salamah said:
"We prayed at the time of 'Umar bin 'Abdul-'Aziz, then we went to Anas bin Malik [رضى الله عنه] and found him praying. when he finished he said to us: 'Have you prayed?' We said: 'We prayed Zuhr.' He said: 'I prayed 'Asr.' They said: 'You have prayed early.' He said: 'Rather I prayed as I saw my companions pray.'"
Grade: Hasan, Sunan Nasai
English ref: Vol. 1, Book 6, Hadith 511
There are a number of such ahadeeth that support the view of the students of Abu Hanifa (رحمه الله) to pray Asr early.
Yahya related to me from Malik, from his uncle Abu Suhayl from his father that Umar ibn al-Khattab [رضى الله عنه] wrote to Abu Musa saying that he should pray dhuhr when the sun had started to decline, asr when the sun was still pure white before any yellowness had entered it, maghrib when the sun had set, and to delay isha as long as he did not sleep, and to pray subh when the stars were all visible and like a haze in the sky and to read in it two long suras from the mufassal.
Muwatta Imam Maalik
Arabic/English book reference : Book 1, Hadith 7
Praying Asr when sun is orange is not allowed unless its a neccesity, due to a valid reason like forgetfulness or sleep.
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ. اللَّهِ وَذَرُوا الْبَيْعَ ذَٰلِكُمْ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ
O you who believe! When the call is proclaimed to prayer on Friday, hasten earnestly to the Remembrance of Allah, and leave off business (and traffic): That is best for you if you but knew!
Surah Jumu'ah verse 9
Best day of the week - Friday
Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] reported that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “The best day on which the sun has risen is Friday; on it Adam was created; on it he was made to enter Paradise; on it he was expelled from it; and the [last] hour (i.e. the Day of Resurrection) will take place on no day other than Friday.” (Sahih Muslim)
Reading surah kahf
It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed al-Khduri [رضى الله عنه] that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Whoever reads Soorat al-Kahf on Friday, he will be illuminated with light between the two Fridays.”
Narrated by al-Haakim; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Targheeb, 836
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Among the most excellent of your days is Friday; on it Adam was created, on it he died, on it the last trumpet will be blown, and on it the shout will be made, so invoke more blessings on me that day, for your blessings will be submitted to me. The people asked: Messenger of Allah, how can it be that our blessings will be submitted to you while your body is decayed? He replied: Allah, the Exalted, has prohibited the earth from consuming the bodies of Prophets.
Sahih (Al-Albani)
Sunan Abi Dawud 1047
In-book : Book 2, Hadith 658
English translation : Book 3, Hadith 1042
Abu Dawood
take ghusl,
Narrated Ibn `Umar [رضى الله عنه]:
While `Umar bin Al-Khattab was standing and delivering the sermon on a Friday, one of the companions of the Prophet(ﷺ), who was one of the foremost Muhajirs (emigrants) came. `Umar said to him, "What is the time now?" He replied, "I was busy and could not go back to my house till I heard the Adhan. I did not perform more than the ablution." Thereupon `Umar said to him, "Did you perform only the ablution although you know that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to order us to take a bath (on Fridays)?"
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 878
wear best clothing,
'Abd Allah b. 'Amr al-'As reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying: Whoever washed himself on Friday and applies perfume of his wife if she has one, and wears good clothes and does not step over the necks of the people (in the mosque to sit in the front row) and does not indulge in idle talk during the sermon, that will atone (for his sins) between the two Fridays. But he who indulges in idle talk and steps over the necks of people (in the mosque), that (Friday) will be for him like the noon prayer.
Grade: Hasan, Sunan Abi Dawud 347
apply oil and perfume,
Narrated Salman-Al-Farsi [رضى الله عنه]
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever takes a bath on Friday, purifies himself as much as he can, then uses his (hair) oil or perfumes himself with the scent of his house, then proceeds (for the Jumua prayer) and does not separate two persons sitting together (in the mosque), then prays as much as (Allah has) written for him and then remains silent while the Imam is delivering the Khutba, his sins in-between the present and the last Friday would be forgiven."
Abd al-Rahman son of Abd Sa'id al-Khudri reported on the authority of his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
Bathing on Friday for every adult, using of Miswak and applying some perfume, that is available-these are essential. So far as the perfume is concerned, it may be that used by a lady.
Sahih Muslim 846 b
In-book : Book 7, Hadith 10
USC-MSA web (English) : Book 4, Hadith 1841 (deprecated)
Sahih Muslim
come to masjid early,
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] that: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever performs ghusl as from janabah on Friday, then comes (to the masjid), it is as if he sacrificed a camel. Then the one who comes in the second hour, it is as if he sacrificed a cow. Then the one who comes in the third hour, it is as if he sacrificed a ram. Then the one who comes in the fourth hour, it is as if he sacrificed a chicken. Then the one who comes in the fifth hour, it is as if he sacrificed an egg. Then when the imam comes out, the angels attend to listen to the khutbah."
Sahih, Sunan Nasai book 14, Hadith 25
Eng: Vol. 2, Book 14, Hadith 1389
Arabic ref:Book 14, Hadith 1399
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (رحمه الله) was asked: When does the first hour of Friday begin?
He replied: The hours which were mentioned by the Prophet (ﷺ) are five. So the time between sunrise and the imam’s arrival is divided into five parts, each of which may be equivalent to what we know as an hour (60 minutes), or it may be more or less, because time changes.
take spot next to the imam.
Narrated Aws ibn Aws ath-Thaqafi [رضى الله عنه] I heard the apostle of Allah صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ say: If anyone makes (his wife) wash and he washes himself on Friday(Ghusl) , goes out early (for Friday prayer), attends the sermon from the beginning, walking, not riding, takes his seat near the imam, listens attentively, and does not indulge in idle talk, he will get the reward of a year's fasting and praying at night for every step he takes.
Grade : Sahih, Sunan Abi Dawud 345
The rewards of jummah. If these conditions are met.
Chapter: Performing Ghusl For The Friday Prayer
Narrated Aws ibn Aws ath-Thaqafi [رضى الله عنه] I heard the apostle of Allah صَلَّى اللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ say: If anyone makes (his wife) wash and he washes himself on Friday(Ghusl) , goes out early (for Friday prayer), attends the sermon from the beginning, walking, not riding, takes his seat near the imam, listens attentively, and does not indulge in idle talk, he will get the reward of a year's fasting and praying at night for every step he takes.
Grade : Sahih, Sunan Abi Dawud 345
1. Performs Ghusl,
2. Goes very early to the Masjid,
3. Goes walking, not riding,
4. Sits close to imam (not in the back)
5. Listens attentively to the khutbah
6. Doesn’t engage in futile activity (like, talking to someone or fidgeting with his hair, clothes or phone etc)
Will receive for every step: The reward for 1-year fasting and 1-year night Salah.
68. Tahiyattul masjid It was narrated from Abu Qatadah [رضى الله عنه] that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "When any one of you enters the Masjid, let him pray two Rak'ahs before he sits down."
Sahih Bukhari 1167, Sahih Muslim 714
The first Salah you pray when entering masjid becomes tahhiyatul masjid, unless you pray it separately before.
The keyword in the hadeeth is SIT. So, if you do not intend to pray 2 raka'a, it is better not to sit on the ground or the chair, rather just wait for the Iqamah, as it is makrooh to sit without a valid excuse. Tahiyyatul means " greetings" to the masjid in this case, a sign of respect before sitting.
Niyahs for multiple nafl salah can be combined.
Tahiyyatul wodhu.
Tahiyyatul masjid.
2 sunnah of Fajr.
2 nafl between Adhan and Iqama... as there is a prayer between every Adhan and Iqama for whoever wants to pray. (Sahih Bukhari 624)
2 Raka'a with all the above niyahs combined can be prayed at once. You do not have to pray 8 Raka'a (by separating them all).
69. Types of Iqamah It was narrated from Abu Mahdhurah [رضى الله عنه] that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) taught him the Adhan with nineteen phrases and the Iqamah with seventeen phrases, then Abu Mahdhurah [رضى الله عنه] counted them as nineteen and seventeen.
Grade : Sahih Sunan Nasai
Eng :Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 631
Arabic : Book 7, Hadith 637
This version is also narrated by Abu Dawood (502), al-Tirmidhi (192), al-Nasaa’i (632) and Ibn Maajah (709).
Abu Hanifa (رحمه الله) supported this view.
The 2nd type:
It was narrated that Anas [رضى الله عنه] said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) commanded Bilal [رضى الله عنه] to say the phrases of the Adhan twice and the phrases of the Iqamah once."
Grade : Sahih, Sunan Nasai
Eng: Vol. 1, Book 7, Hadith 628
Arabic: Book 7, Hadith 634
This version is narrated by ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Zayd [رضى الله عنه] and evidence for this version is the hadeeth narrated by Ahmad (15881) and Abu Dawood (469). This version was favoured by the majority of scholars, including Imam Maalik, Imam al-Shaafa’i and Imam Ahmad (may Allaah have mercy on them all), but Imam Maalik (رحمه الله) said that the phrase Qad qaamat il-salaah (prayer is about to begin) should be said only once.
Both types of Iqamah are supported by multiple narrations and are all sahih with minor difference of opinion among scholars.
71. Reward for 2 Raka'a after Adhan and wodhu Narrated Abu Buraidah [رضى الله عنه] "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) awoke in the morning and called for Bilal[رضى الله عنه], then said: 'O Bilal! By what have you preceded me to Paradise? I have not entered Paradise at all, except that I heard your footsteps before me. I entered Paradise last night, and I heard your footsteps before me, and I came upon a square palace having balconies made of gold. So I said: 'Whose palace is this?' They said: 'A man among the Arabs.' So I said: 'I am an Arab, whose palace is this?' They said: 'A man among the Quraish.' So I said: 'I am from the Quraish, whose palace is this?' They said: 'A man from the Ummah of Muhammad (ﷺ).' So I said: 'I am Muhammad, whose palace is this?' They said: ''Umar bin Al-Khattab's.' So Bilal said: 'O Allah's Messenger! I have never called the Adhan except that I prayed two Rak'ah, and I never committed Hadath except that I performed Wudu upon that, and I considered that I owed Allah two Rak'ah.' So the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'For those two.'" .
Grade: Hasan, Jami` at-Tirmidhi
English ref: Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3689
2 Raka'a after Adhan
Narrated `Abdullah bin Mughaffal [رضى الله عنه] The Prophet (ﷺ)said, "There is a prayer between the two Adhans (Adhan and Iqama), there is a prayer between the two Adhans." And then while saying it the third time he added, "For the one who wants to (pray).
72. Turning the neck only when giving Adhan Abu Juhaifah [رضى الله عنه] reported: I came to the Prophet (ﷺ) at Mecca; he was sitting in a tent made of leather. Then Bilal [رضى الله عنه] came out and called to prayer. I looked at his mouth following him this side and that side (i.e., right and left). Later at his Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) came out clad in a red suit, i.e, wearing the sheets of the Yemen, of the Qatri design. The version narrated by Musa has the word; “I saw Bilal going towards al-Abtah”.
He then made a call to prayer. When he reached the words “ come to prayer, come to salvation”. He turned his neck right and left, respectively; he did not turn himself (with his whole body). He then entered (his house) and came out with a lancet. The narrator then reported the rest of the tradition.
Ref : Sunan Abi Dawud 520
Only turn the neck, not the whole body at Hayya alas-Salah and Hayya alal- Falah.
74. Intercession in duniya As discussed in the previous sunnah, the intercessions of the hereafter, there is one intercession that will happen in the duniya, for the deceased before he is taken to his grave.
Virtue of having good Muslims (shirk free) in the Janaza prayer.
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas [رضى الله عنه] I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say: If any Muslim dies and forty men associate nothing with Allah stand over his bier. Allah will accept them as intercessors for him.
Grade : Sahih Ref : Sunan Abu Dawud 3170 In-book ref : Book 21, Hadith 82
English: Book 20, Hadith 3164
This hadeeth is the proof that the Prophet (ﷺ) knew Muslims would do shirk. Obviously, non Muslims don't come and join us for funeral prayers. It is only muslims that pray janazah. So, not every Muslim in the ummah will be free from shirk. Also, it is good to make the Qiyam after 3rd Takbeer longer in the funeral prayer, as this is where dua is made for the deceased and all duas from everyone praying will be accumulated and will help the deceased.
Rasoolullah (ﷺ) said, “What I fear for you the most is the minor shirk, that is ar-riyaa. Allah will say on the Day of Judgment when He is rewarding the people for their actions: Go to those for whom you did riyaa for in the world then see if you find the reward with them” (Musnad Ahmad 23119).
Ibn ‘Abbas [رضى الله عنه] said: “Riyaa is more hidden than a black ant on a black stone in a dark night.” (Musnad Ahmad 4/430)
Rasoolullah (ﷺ) said, “Shall I not inform you of what I fear for you more than the maseeh ud-dajjaal (false messiah)? It is the hidden shirk (riyaa). It is when a man stands up for prayer, then beautifies his prayer for another to look at” (Ibn Majah 4202).
75. Do not take payment for Adhan Do not take payment for Adhan, for the reward is with ALLAH alone!
Chapter: Taking A Stipend For The Adhan
Narrated Uthman ibn Abul'As [رضى الله عنه] Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), appoint me the leader of the tribe in prayer. He said: You are their leader, but you should follow on who is the weakest of them: and appoint a mu'adhdhin who does not charge for the calling of adhan.
Ref : Sunan Abi Dawud 531
In-book ref : Book 2, Hadith 141
Eng: Book 2, Hadith 53
79. Using water and stones for istinja Narrated Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "This Ayah was revealed about the people of Quba: In it are men who love to purify themselves. And Allah loves those who make themselves pure (9:108)." He said: "They used water to perform Istinja so this Ayah was revealed about them."
Hasan Tirmidhi
Eng: Vol. 5, Book 44, Hadith 3100
Arabic: Book 47, Hadith 3383
Chapter: Using Stones For al-instinjah
Abdur-Rahman bin Yazld said, : "They said to Salman [رضى الله عنه], 'Your Prophet (ﷺ) taught you about everything, even defecating?' So Salman [رضى الله عنه] said, 'Yes. He prohibited us from facing the Qiblah when defecating and urinating, performing Istinja with the right hand, using less than three stones for Istinja, and using dung or bones for Istinja"
Grade: Sahih, Ref: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 16
In-book ref : Book 1, Hadith 16
Eng: Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 16
Istinja is sunnah and should be done with water (above ayah from Quran) and stones (above hadeeth). This is acting in accordance with the Sunnah and so as to avoid an area of scholarly differences of opinion (such as toilet paper or others), and because water is more effective in cleansing and purifying.
This is copy and paste message.
I want to write one thing about this hadith.
In this hadith. The polytheists mocked Prophet peace be upon him by giving question to hazrat Salman about his teaching, but that did not make him ashamed, rather he answered their questions without hesitation. As such, he stood up for the Truth, being proud of following the sunnah of Prophet peace be upon him.
Muslims especially in West, should not feel ashamed of their religion and should not be afraid to answer questions by people, avoiding giving false and apologetic answers. Rather they should seek the Truth, learning the sunnah of our beloved Prophet peace be upon him, following and preaching them.
80. Wodhu over socks Chapter: If one puts on (Khuff) just after performing ablution (ther is no need to wash one's feet again in ablution) (24 hours for non-travellers and three days for travelers)
Narrated `Urwa bin Al-Mughira: My father said, "Once I was in the company of the Prophet (ﷺ) on a journey and I dashed to take off his Khuffs (socks made from thick fabric or leather). He ordered me to leave them as he had put them after performing ablution. So he passed wet hands over them.
Ref: Sahih al-Bukhari 206
In-book ref: Book 4, Hadith 72
English ref : Vol. 1, Book 4, Hadith 205
It was narrated from 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakrah, from his father, that: The Prophet(ﷺ) granted a concession to travelers: "If a traveler performed ablution and put on leather socks, then he performed a fresh ablution, he could wipe over the leather socks for three days and nights; the resident could do so for one day and one night."
Grade : Hasan, Sunan ibn Majah
English ref : Vol. 1, Book 1, Hadith 553 Arabic ref: Book 1, Hadith 599
When a concession is given in Islam, it is to be used. Not using it and making the extra effort is NOT Taqwa. Another example would be fasting while traveling, and praying nafl while traveling. It is disliked.
81. Coming early for Jumu'a It was narrated from Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] that: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Whoever performs ghusl as from janabah on Friday, then comes (to the masjid), it is as if he sacrificed a camel. Then the one who comes in the second hour, it is as if he sacrificed a cow. Then the one who comes in the third hour, it is as if he sacrificed a ram. Then the one who comes in the fourth hour, it is as if he sacrificed a chicken. Then the one who comes in the fifth hour, it is as if he sacrificed an egg. Then when the imam comes out, the angels attend to listen to the khutbah."
Sahih, Sunan Nasai book 14, Hadith 25
Eng: Vol. 2, Book 14, Hadith 1389
Arabic ref:Book 14, Hadith 1399
Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen (رحمه الله) was asked:
When does the first hour of Friday begin?
He replied: The hours which were mentioned by the Prophet (ﷺ) are five. So the time between sunrise and the imam’s arrival is divided into five parts, each of which may be equivalent to what we know as an hour (60 minutes), or it may be more or less, because time changes. It was also said that the time begins at the break of dawn, but that view is less correct, because the time before sunrise is the time for Fajr prayer.
The mention of these hours is intended only to encourage people to come early and attain the reward of being in the first row and waiting for the prayer, and keeping busy with nafl prayers, dhikr and the like. None of that can be achieved by going to the mosque after the sun has passed its zenith, and there is no virtue in doing so, because the call to prayer is given at that time.
After sermon starts - you are an absentee as the Angels close their records and listen to the Imam.
You still get the reward for coming to masjid and praying in congregation but the bonus reward of Jumu'a mentioned in this hadeeth will be lost.
87. Praying 2 raka'a nafl during the Friday sermon Narrated Jabir bin `Abdullah: A person entered the mosque while the Prophet (ﷺ) was delivering the Khutba on a Friday. The Prophet (ﷺ) said to him, "Have you prayed?" The man replied in the negative. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Get up and pray two rak`at."
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 930
As per the Hanbali and Shafi’i schools, it is recommended for a latecomer to the Friday prayer to pray the 2 rakats for greeting the mosque even if the Imam is giving the Friday sermon. Their evidence is the above mentioned hadith of Jabir bin `Abdullahرضى الله عنه in Bukhari 930 and Sahih Muslim 875a. However, as per the Hanafi and Maliki schools it is impermissible.
Despite the above two hadiths, it is transmitted from majority of the early Muslims from the Sahaba, and the Tabi’in that they did not deem it permissible to pray during the khutba. This was mentioned by Imam al-Nawawi in his commentary on Sahih Muslim. It indicates that they understood from the Prophet ﷺ that one was not to pray in that time. This is why the practice of the early community is seen as a source of law in itself as their practice was a practical transmission of knowledge, just as their teaching hadiths was an oral transmission of knowledge.
It is agreed upon that speaking is not allowed during the khutba from many ahadeeth. Among the evidences for this is Quran 7:204
‘When the Qur’an is recited to you then be silent and listen attentively that haply you may be shown mercy’
The Qur’anic exegetes mention 4 possible reasons for this verse being revealed.
Firstly that it was revealed concerning the khutba.
Secondly, it is a general command.
Thirdly, that it was revealed to stop people from speaking to each other when praying behind an imam.
Fourthly, that it was revealed concerning reciting the Qur’an aloud when one is praying behind the imam.
If forbidding the evil, an otherwise obligatory act, is forbidden during the khutba, as indicated by the hadith forbidding one from saying ‘be quiet’ to another person as it prevents one from ‘listening attentively’ to the khutba, then it is a fortiori that praying the two rakats of greeting the mosque should be forbidden during the khutba as firstly it is not obligatory and secondly it takes longer and so interferes even more with the obligation of listening attentively.
The incident of the man that was told to get up and pray two rakats appears to apply specifically to that particular person (Sulaik al-Ghatafani). The scholars deduced this for a number of reasons:
Jabir and Abu Salih reported on the authority of Abu Hurairah رضى الله عنه Sulaik al-Ghatafani came (to the mosque) while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was giving the (Friday) sermon. He asked him: Did you pray something ? He said: No. He said: Offer two rak'ahs and make them short. Abu dawood 1116, Sunan Nasai 2536
Daruqutni mentions this incident in his sunan from Anas ibn Malik that ‘a man entered the mosque and the Messenger of Allah was delivering the khutba, so he ﷺ said to him “Stand and pray two rakats” and withheld from continuing with the khutba until he had finished praying’, and so the man was not guilty of praying during the khutba.
Other versions mention that he was a very poor man and did not have decent clothes to wear to the Friday prayer, and in some versions he had hardly any clothing, so the Prophet ﷺ told him to stand and pray so that everybody could see his poverty and give him some charity.
Versions to this effect are mentioned in the Musnad Ahmed Vol 5 page 75 and by Ibn Hibban in his sahih, Imam al-Tahawi and Al-Nasa’i in his sunan hadith #2536 who mentioned this version under the heading 'URGING TO CHARITY’ seeing as it was the key lesson to be gained from the incident.
A general rule when dealing with seemingly contradictory texts with one text forbidding an act and another permitting, is that precedence is given to the text forbidding the act.
It is closer to being precautious in one’s religion than to act contrary to this hadith as nobody says that praying the two rakats for greeting the mosque is obligatory whereas the hadiths forbidding speech and prayer do indicate that it is sinful to pray. Not praying, therefore, avoids sin without any doubt.
88. Do not pray sunnah, if Iqamah is pronounced Do NOT pray sunnah, if Imam is leading the obligatory prayer.
Narrated Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: When the iqamah is pronounced for prayer, no prayer is valid except the obligatory prayer.
Grade : Sahih, Sunan Abi Dawud 1266
In-book ref : Book 5, Hadith 17
English : Book 5, Hadith 1261
Do not pray 2 sunnah of Fajr, if Imam has already started Fajr. You can pray right after Fardh or until sunrise.
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (رحمه الله) said if the iqaamah for prayer is given whilst the person is still in the first rak’ah of a naafil prayer, then he should cut it short; if that happens when he is in the second rak’ah then he should complete it quickly and not cut it short.
What we think concerning this matter is that if you are in the second rak’ah, then you should complete it quickly, but if you are in the first rak’ah, then you should cut it. Our evidence for that is the words of the Prophet (ﷺ) “Whoever catches up with one rak’ah of the prayer has caught up with the prayer” (narrated by al-Bukhaari, 580; Muslim, 607). So the person who has prayed a rak’ah before the iqaamah, he has caught up with the prayer by doing a rak’ah before the prayer becomes disallowed, so he should complete it quickly. This is the view that reconciles all the evidence.
If he cuts short the naafil prayer he should do so without saying the tasleem.
89. Do not pray, at this time unless with a reason No prayer is allowed at these times unless there is a valid reason
Narrated Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri [رضى الله عنه] I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "There is no prayer after the morning prayer till the sun rises, and there is no prayer after the `Asr prayer till the sun sets."
Ref: Sahih al-Bukhari 586
In-book ref: Book 9, Hadith 62
Eng : Vol. 1, Book 10, Hadith 560
A person can pray after Fajr or Asr if he has a valid reason. There are many such valid reasons to pray.
- Any missed fardh prayer of that day
- Any sunnah of that day
- Salatul Janaza
- Tahhiyatul wodhu
- Tahhiyatul masjid
- 2 nafl after Tawaaf
- Witr of Isha after Fajr if missed
- Sunnah of Fajr if missed
- Solar eclipse after Asr……..All are allowed
90. Surah to recite in sunnah of Fajr It was narrated from Abu Hurairah [رضى الله عنه] that in the two Rak’ah before the Fajr, the Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite: “Say: ‘O you disbelievers!” [Al-Kafirun (109)] and “Say: Allah is One.” [Al-Ikhlas (112)]
Grade : Sahih, Sunan Ibn Majah
Eng : Vol 1, Book 5, Hadith 1148
Arabic: Book 5, Hadith 1202
Start the day with the 2 sunnah of Fajr with Surah Kafiroon TO DENY KUFR, followed by Surah Ikhlaas to show Oneness of Allah, TAWHEED!
92. Praying while sitting is half the reward Chapter: To offer Salat while sitting
Narrated `Imran bin Husain [رضى الله عنه]: (who had piles) I asked Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) about the praying of a man while sitting. He said, "If he prays while standing it is better and he who prays while sitting gets half the reward of that who prays standing; and whoever prays while Lying gets half the reward of that who prays while sitting."
Ref: Sahih al-Bukhari 1115
In-book ref : Book 18, Hadith 35
Eng Vol. 2, Book 20, Hadith 216
93. It is sunnah to walk to the masjid Walking is better than riding to Masjid, if distance allows.
Chapter: Walking To prayer
It was narrated that 'Abdullah [رضى الله عنه] said: "Whoever would like to meet Allah tomorrow (i.e. on the Day of Judgment) as a Muslim, let him preserve these five (daily) prayer when the call for them is given, for they are part of the ways of guidance, and Allah prescribed the ways of guidance to your Prophet (ﷺ). By Allah, if each of you prays in his house, you will have abandoned the Sunnah of your Prophet (ﷺ), and if you abandon the Sunnah of your Prophet (ﷺ) you will go astray. I remember when no one stayed behind from the prayer except a hypocrite who was known for his hypocrisy. I have a man coming supported by two others, until he joined the row (of worshippers). There is no man who purifies himself and does it well, and comes to the mosque and prays there, but for every step that he takes, Allah raises him in status one degree thereby, and takes away one of his sins."
Ref: Sunan Ibn Majah 777
In-book ref: Book 4, Hadith 43
Praying in the masjid is a means of receiving guidance from Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَ
From this hadeeth, we know the status in Akhirah depends on the number of good deeds. Every good deed is a degree of status raised and a level higher in Jannah.
3 other ways to raise status:
1. Making more Sujood ...meaning making more Nafl. For each one raises a status and removes a sin...... Sahih muslim.
2. Memorizing Quran. For every ayah you know a status is raised in the Akhirah. Recite and move up.
3. Sending salutations upon the Prophet (ﷺ). For every one, 10 degrees are raised.
94. It is sunnah to change places after Fardh prayer Umar b. `Ata' b. Abu Khuwar said that Nafi` b. Jubair sent him to al- Sa'ib the son of Namir's sister to ask him about what he had seen in the prayer of Mu`awiya. He said: Yes, I observed the Jumu`a prayer along with him in Maqsura and when the Imam pronounced salutation I stood up at my place and observed (Sunan rak`ahs). As he entered (the apartment) he sent for me and said: Do not repeat what you have done. Whenever you have observed the Jumu`a prayer, do not observe (Sunan prayer) till you, have talked or gone out, for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had ordered us to do this and not to combine two (types of) prayers without talking or going out.
Reference : Sahih Muslim 883a
In-book ref : Book 7, Hadith 92
English ref Book 4, Hadith 1921
Some scholars are of the opinion, doing tasbeeh is enough to separate the Fardh from Nafl. But moving is better. Also, if someone walks in late and they see everyone spread out and praying Nafl, they would know the Fardh Salah is over in the masjid.
From Tafseer ibn Katheer of Surah ad-Dukhan ayah 29
فَمَا بَكَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّمَاءُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَا كَانُوا مُنظَرِينَ
And the heaven and the earth wept not for them, nor were they reprieved (Pharoah)
The places where a Muslim makes ibadah will cry on the day that he/she dies.
Also, from Surah Yaseen ayah 12
إِنَّا نَحْنُ نُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ وَنَكْتُبُ مَا قَدَّمُوا وَآثَارَهُمْ وَكُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَحْصَيْنَاهُ فِي إِمَامٍ مُّبِينٍ
Indeed, We give life (to) the dead and We record what they have sent before and their footprints (that which they leave behind), and everything We have enumerated it in a Register clear.
The word "Footprints" here mean whatever good deed a muslim leaves behind is recorded. The place where one makes Sujood, will bear witness on the day of judgement, so change places often.
Imaam an-Nawawee (رحمه الله) explains this saying: "In this hadeeth there is evidence for what the scholars say [i.e.] that it is preferred to pray the optional prayers in another place than where one prayed their obligatory prayer. And the best place for that is the house, but any other place inside the masjid is still valid.
Shaikhul Islam Ibn Taymiyyah (رحمه الله) said: 'The Sunnah is to separate between performing the obligatory and optional Salat in Jumu'ah Salat and other Salah as was narrated in the "Sahih" that he (ﷺ) prohibited that any [obligatory] Salat be followed immediately by [optional] one; one should separate between them with speech or changing one's place'"
95. It is sunnah to pray while riding Praying while riding
Narrated Jabir [رضى الله عنه] Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) used to pray (optional, non-obligatory prayer) while riding on his mount (Rahila) wherever it turned, and whenever he wanted to pray the compulsory prayer he dismounted and prayed facing the Qibla.
Ref : Sahih al-Bukhari 400
In-book ref : Book 8, Hadith 51
Eng: Vol. 1, Book 8, Hadith 393
Qiyam (standing) and facing the Qibla is an important Rukn of Salah and is compulsory for the obligatory prayers, without which Salah is invalid. You can pray Nafl while the vehicle is moving. And for transportation that you cannot control like airplane or such, the scholars have allowed sitting and praying the obligatory prayers if you know Salah will be missed by the time you arrive, based on this ayah and Hadeeth.
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَاسْمَعُوا وَأَطِيعُوا وَأَنفِقُوا خَيْرًا لِّأَنفُسِكُمْ
[al-Taghaabun 64:16] "So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can”.
And the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “When I command you to do a thing, do as much of it as you can.” Narrated by Muslim (1337).
If possible during the jouney, it is better to join the prayers like zuhr+Asr and Magrib+Isha, at the transition time of those prayers, and this is more closer to the sunnah.
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