Some Ayahs are Strange

[Jalal~]

There are some ayahs that dont begin with vowel sounds. Such as in Surah Fatiha, how do you know whether to say "Alhumdulilah" or "Ilhumdulilah" or "Ulhamdulillah".

[Insaanah]

:sl:

Does the mus'haf (copy of the Qur'an) you're reading from, have a little squiggle over the alif, like this?

That squiggle is called Hamzat al Wasl and is written as the small head of the Arabic letter Saad.

When Hamzat al Wasl comes at the beginning of the definite article ال and you are not joining to any word that might come before ال, the rule is to start with a fat'ha (zabar), i.e. Alhamdulillah. Same for Allatheena.

There are different rules that apply if the word with the hamazat al wasl on is a noun or a verb.

Hope that helps a bit.

:sl:

[Jalal~]

thanks that does help a lot. hopefully someone knows when to apply the rule for the other two.

[Jalal~]

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[~ Sabr ~]

Which other 2?

[Insaanah]

:sl:

There are different rules that apply if the word with the hamazat al wasl on is a noun or a verb.

The below only applies if you are starting with the noun or verb in question, not joining to the word before it.

Hamzat al-Wasl at the beginning of nouns: the rule is to start with Kasrah. Example ابْتِغَاءَ read as ibtighaa'a

Hamzat al-Wasl at the beginning of verbs: the rule is,
1. To start with Dammah if the third letter of verb has an original Dammah, example: اجْتُثَّتْ read as ujtuth'that. (Qur'an 14:26)
2. To start with Kasrah if the third letter has Fathah, Kasrah, or non-original Dammah, eg: امْشُواْ and اصْبِرُواْ, read as imshoo, and isbiroo respectively.

This rule only applies if reading the word without joining to any word before it.

Source: A Course in Basics of TajwĪd By Omar Saed Asfour, London Open College for Islamic Studies

[Jalal~]

thanks that was very helpful!

Which other 2?

i was referring to the kasrah and dommah

[ayesha.ansari]

These are specifies for specific activities. However, It's look strange.