https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9R6kIJ4TgNU&t=225s He kinda contradicts himself with regards to punishment and tests. I have heard him and other sheikhs say before that the bad we experience in this life is a test and merely a result of our actions both good and bad and of course qadr, and its how we react to these circumstances that determine whether what we experience is a test or punishment. If we view it as negative, its a punishment. If we are positive its a test (i know its far more complicated than this as each person's circumstances and their reaction to them are unique to that situation and their psychology, but I am making a broad point here just for illustration). But ultimately I guess we determine our own reality in a way. The real punishment comes in the hereafter. But overall what he says here is on point and inspirational, as usual.