Can Witnesses alone be used to prove Zina was commited or Apostasy or Adultery or or

[truthseeker63]

As Salamu Alaykum my question is in a Sharia Court can Witnesses alone without any Physical Evidence be used to prove Zina was commited or Apostasy or Adultery or Drinking or Homosexuality or do they need Physical Evidence like DNA Testing or Confess as well or are only Eye Witnesses Testimony be it Two Three or Four required since during the time of the Prophet Muhammad peace and blessings be upon him all they had was Witnesses I have heard of Court Cases in the West in America in Europe in Canada where Witnesses alone got a person jailed this is more a hypothetical question since many will say there is no true Islamic State today that's why I am asking a hypothetical question hypothetical thank you for your time ?





https://www.avvo.com/legal-answers/can-a-jury-convict-based-solely-on-the-testimony-o-113404.html


http://biblehub.com/deuteronomy/19-15.htm


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFy2Mwv9Y6Q


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hTGlAhl3Tw


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2YdF30ZFhOY


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnssIs_TMlI


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2VkIu8TL_I



https://islamqa.info/en/88051


http://www.islamhelpline.net/node/905


https://www.ncjrs.gov/App/Publications/abstract.aspx?ID=87251


http://islamqa.org/hanafi/darululoomtt/52201

 

[azc]

In rape case:

Hadd is subjected to witnesses but if she has no witnesses then judge of Islamic court, on the basis of evidences or at his own discretion, can sentence punishment other than Hadd against the culprit.

https://islamqa.org/hanafi/askimam/84230

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[TR][TD]What is the punishment if a "rape" is done and there is no other witness other than the victim woman? - IslamQA

I am resubmitting this question, have asked it a few weeks ago too. My question is that for a married male the punishment for zina is "RAJAM" when there are 4 witnessessss available, but how is the matter handled in Shariah and what is the punishment if a "rape" is done and there is no other witness other than...[/TD][/TR][/TABLE]