I know what is teghband because similar stuff available in my place too.
But, before you seek reference from Qur'an, it's better if you read again history of Islam. How many battle in the history, how many Sahaba who died because the enemy's weapons. They died because they were vurnerable. So why didn't Sahaba use teghband to make them invurnerable?. ... Because teghband is not from Islam.
Teghband like that is innovation that created by some Muslim later, after the period of Salafus Salih. And actually that was not original innovation, but inspired by amulets that used by some fighters in period before Islam, which filled with mantra to make the user invurnerable.
Stuff like this considered shirk by ulama who follow Sunnah. That's why in conflict of Ambon (Indonesia), when the mujahidin group Laskar Jihad arrived in the battle zone, the first thing that they did before fight the enemy was seizing teghband that worn by some local Muslim fighters.