I think I'm confused about which one is the lecture and which one is the khutbah. When the imam walks in, the adhan is called and he does his speech (English). After he is done, the adhan is called again and we perform the salah (Arabic). I guess I always thought lecture and khutbah were the same thing.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A FRIDAY DHIKR (KHUTBAH) AND A LECTURE
The Friday Khutbah and Other Lectures
1 The Friday Khutbah is a condition for the validity of Jumuáh Salaat. Without the Khutbah, Jumuáh Salaat is not valid.
Not conditional for any Salaat.
2 Valid only on Fridays
Permissible on any day.
3 Can only be performed after Zawaal on Friday.
No time restraint.
4 Its recital to only one or two persons is not permissible according to the Hanafi Mazhab. At least three people excluding the Imaam have to be present.
According to the Shafi Mazhab at least 40 persons have to be present.
Any number of persons.
5 While the Khutbah is in progress, it is not permissible to speak, read, etc.
Permissible but inappropriate without dire necessity.
6 Consists of two Khutbahs divided by a short interval between the first and second Khutbas.
A single lecture.
7 The two Khutbahs have to be separated by a short interval (during which the Imaam has to sit on the Mimbar).
No such practice necessary for any lecture.
8 A single Tahmeed, Tasbeeh or Tahleel will suffice to discharge the obligation (However, this is against the Sunnah.
A single Tahmeed, Tahleel or Tasbeeh is not a lecture.
9 Allah Taála has decreed the Jumuáh Khutbah Fardh.
A lecture is not Fardh.
10 Those who do not listen to or attend the Friday Khutbah are Faasiq (flagrant sinners) in term of the Shariáh.
Not so in the case of other lectures.
11 If the Friday Khutbah is delivered before Zawaal, it will have to be repeated.
Not so in the case of other lectures.
12 Performed in big towns or cities. Not permissible in small places or little villages.
It Can be held anywhere.
13 Not permissible to recite it after the Jumuáh Salaat.
Permissible before or after any Salaat.
14 Azaan has to be called in the presence of the Imaam while he is seated on the Mimbar just before the Khutbah.
Not so in the case of any lecture.
15 The Friday Khutbah is compulsorily followed by Salaat.
No Salaat has been ordained after or before a lecture.
16 The Friday Khutbah is representative of two Rakaats of Salaat.
Does not represent any Salaat.
17 To be performed in a state of Tahaarat (i.e. being free from the impurities of Janaabat) and having Wudhu.
Not the case with other lectures.
18 The Friday Khutbah recited in the presence of only a female audience is not permissible.
It is permissible.
19 Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Alayhi Wasallam) had a Mimbar especially erected for the purpose of the Jumuáh Khutbah.
Mimbar not necessary for other lectures.
20 The Jumuáh Khutbah is among the Shaãir (salient features) of Islam.
Not among the Shaãir of Islam.
21 Has to be delivered in a standing position.
Can be delivered in a sitting position.
22 Consists of Fardh and Sunnat factors.
Do not consist of Fardh and Sunnat factors.
23 The Friday Khutbah is a Zikr.
Not a Zikr.
24 Must be rendered in Arabic.
Can be delivered in any language.