Munsarif and Ghair Munsarif Rules

[Ibn Saeed]

I am new to his forum.

I would like to know the rules of Ghair Munsarif(Diptotes) and Munsarif (Triptotes)

Can anyone explain the rules in detail. Which words in Arabic are Ghair Munsarif and Munsarif.

What are there signs?

How can we distinguish them to be GM or M.

Are they known as Mabni or Mu'rab ?

 

[amirah_87]

Welcome to the forums. I hope you have a nice and beneficial stay Bi'ithnillaah.

I'll try my best to explain what you've requested inshaAllah...


The Ism that's Mu'rab is of two types:

1) Munsarif.

2) Ghair Munsarif.

Note: That the meaning of the word Sarf is at-Tanween.


So, the Ism that Munsarif is the Ism that accepts tanween & kasras.

ضربتُ محمداً / نظرتُ الي محمدٍ


As for the Ismul Mu'rab that is "Mamnuu' min as-sarf/ Ghair Munsarif"; It does NOT accept Tanweens or Kasras.
___________________________


There are two Illahs (defects) that one can specify or distinguish that a word is GM, they are:

- Al 'Alamiyyah. العلمية

- Al Wasfiyyah. الوصفية

These two Ilal both go back to the Ma'naa (meaning) of the word (Ilalun Ma'nawiyy).

& also; these two Illaahs must be present for the word to be Ghair Munsarif.
(They're like the Basis / foundation, that other illahs use to branch off from..).

There are six other ilals that branch off from these two, and they are known to go back to the "lafdh" of the word (ie: Ilalun lafdhiy), They are:


1) التانيث بغير اﻻلف

2) العجمة

3) التركيب

4) زيادة اﻻلف والنون

5) وزن الفعل

6) العدل


One of these six have to be present to branch off from either the علمية or the وصفية .

Which ones branch off from which?

One of all six have to be present in the علمية whilst only one of 3 can be present in the وصفية ..

Those 3 are:

1) زيادة اﻻلف والنون

2) وزن الفعل

3) العدل
_____________________________________

An example for when علمية occurs with

التانيث بغير اﻻلف : فاطمة , زينب و حمزة

العجمة : ادريس, و يعقوب, و ابراهيم

التركيب : معديكرب و حضرموت

زيادة اﻻلف والنون : مروان , و عثمان و سفيان

وزن الفعل : احمد, و يشكر و يزيد

العدل : عُمَر , و زُحَل و قُزَح


And for when وصفية occurs with

زيادة اﻻلف والنون : عطشان و شعبان و ريان

وزن الفعل : اكرم و افضل و اجمل

العدل : مثنى و ثﻻث و رباع______________________________


There are two other defects that stand on there own and DO NOT need to branch off from either the علمية OR the وصفية ...

These 2 Illal (defects) are:

1) صيغة منتهى الجموع - which is when an Ism is Jam'u Takseer and after the Alif in the word are two or three other Ahruf.

eg : مساجد و منابر

& مفاتيح و عصافير

2) التانيث باﻻف المقصورة eg: حبلى و قصوى

OR التانيث باﻻلف الممدودة eg: علماء و حمراء و اصدقاء.
_______________________________

The Ism that is Mamnuu' minas-sarf also has 2 conditions:

1) that it's not joint with " ال "

2) It does not become Mudhaaf..

If these two were to be present then the Ism is no longer Ghair Munsarif and it becomes Munsarif, for example:

~ we have taken that the word " مساجد " is Mamnuu' minas sarf it's defect: صيغة منتهى الجموع right?

But if this word were to take an " ال " as mentioned in Qawluhuu ta'alaa: " و انتم عاكفون في المساجد " it is no longer Mamnuu' min as-sarf and therefore takes the Kasra (of the harf jarr "fee" ). "Wa antum 'Aakifuuna fil-Masaajidi"


~ And an example for when a word is Mudhaaf : مررت بحسناء قريش :

The shaahid here is : حسناء , It's Mamnuu' minas sarf . It's defect: التانيث باﻻلف الممدودة ..

But in this jumlah it's become mudhaaf to قريش so therefore takes the kasra (of the harf jarr "baa").Mararrtu bi-Hasnaa'i Quraish.[/FONT]

Explanation taken from Tuhfatus-Sinniyyah.


I hope this is what you were looking for inshaAllah.

Allah Ma'ak.

 

[Ibn Saeed]

Assalamaulaiakum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuhu

Jazak Allahu Khair for the explanation. But its mostly in Arabic.

Can you explain it in English.

Also, which book describes this in detail.

 

[IceQueen~]

:salamext:

I'll try and explain in English inshaAllah (actually I'm gonna cheat lol)

ممنوع من الصرف (the diptote- Ghair munsarif)

It is a mu'rab (declinable) noun which does not accept the tanween.

It is of 2 kinds:

a) Nouns which do not accept tanween for only one reason
b) Nouns which do not accept tyanween for two reasons


Nouns which do not accept tanween for only 1 reason

This reason is one of the two following things:

A) ألف التأنيث (The alif signifying femininity)

It is either مقصورة (short) or ممدودة (elongated)

The first is a long aa written in Arabic with a yaa (ى )
and the second is a long aa followed by followed by a hamza (اء )
and both these should be extra, added after the third radical (ie after the third root letter of the word) eg:

ألف التأنيث المقصورة: فتاوى هدايا حبلى دنيا مرضى

ألف التأنيث الممدودة: فقراء أصدقاء حمراء صحراء



B) الجمع المتناهي that is the plural on the patterns of مفاعل (mafaa'ilu) and مفاعيل (mafaa'iilu) eg: فنادق أنامل حدائق مفاتيح أسابيع

Even singular nouns on these two patterns are diptotes eg:طماطم طباشير


(Taken from third Madinah book)

I'll post the rest later inshaAllah

 

[Amina Steph]

As salaamu 'alaykum wa rahmatullahi,

I hope you are benefitting from this blessed month and this note finds you in good health and iman.
I've been enjoying attempting to get my head around this topic with both the Arabic and the English explanations and am wondering if there is a further post relating to the remainder of the English explanation?

Jazaki Allahu khairan katheer,

Sr Amina