Salamualikum
Answer to question B :X
in terms of tafkheem and tarqeeq,
which is the placement of the tongue in either the upper mouth or the front
of the mouth depending on the surrounding letters. There are a number of
rules such as if the raa' is saakin and before it is a kasra aSlii (in the
same word), and after it is one of the letters of isti`laa' (Saad, Daad etc)
which is not maksuur, then it is pronounced with tafkheem (the tip of the
tongue further up inside the mouth, making more of a 'hollow' sound).
The pronounciation of meem saakina of which there are three variants, idhgaam
asshafawii, ikhfaa' asshafawii and idhhaar asshafawii
The rules of pronounciation with laam alfi`l in terms of idhgaam and idhhaar.
The rules of madd, of which there are very many, categorised in qaSr, almadd
alaSlii, almadd alfar`ii, madd waajib muttaSil, madd jaa`iz munfaSil, madd
alladhee sababuhu lissukuun, (`aariD assukuun and almadd allaazim and almadd
allaazim alkalamii and almadd allaazim alHarfii (muthaqqilan and
mukhaffifan), almuduud almulHaq (madd aSSila, inc SilatalKubraa
SilatuSSughraa) madd albadal (aSlii) and many more types
Ma'assalama
Lol :zip: