On top of that I have undiagnosed mental health problems, I say undiagnosed because the docs couldn't put their finger on it. I was normal but... not normal either. Not quite strange enough to say I had an actual condition, but strange enough to be admitted to see someone. People say "oh you're normal everyone feels a little strange sometimes" well guess what I don't feel normal! My interests were always weird, but that's not what I'm on about.
What's normal?
Most (not all) of these mental "diseases" classified by psychologists/mind specialists are just rubbish created out of thin air by
apparent experts.
Our personality is defined by our experiences. We are not
born 'weird' (unless there is a genuine physical problem). It's natural that you are what you are given what you've experienced in life. Why would you care what others define 'normal' as (to the extent you believe you have a problem)? We are all unique.
I think you're just trying to be a victim (genuinely say this respectfully). It's like you're trying to find a scapegoat to blame your
perceived problems on. You perceive yourself as different to other people and hence think there must be something
wrong with you. Why should that be the case? Just accept who you are: a sum of your life experiences to date. Obviously, we don't all have the same life experiences otherwise we would all be similar.
You are not a weirdo. Nor are all the people who have
different outlooks on life (again, gained by the sum of their life experiences - who can blame them?).
It feels like a real dysfunction of my ability to comprehend what others take for granted. I cannot comprehend prayer. I cannot comprehend dua. I don't comprehend sincerity. I don't comprehend certain emotions that I hear others describe, such as that one where they feel spiritual. Or the one where they feel "exhilarated" or "overjoyed". I understand happiness and contentedness, but what makes it different from joy and exhilaration? Exhileration just sounds like excitement to me and the only time I am excited is when I am scared or angry.
Your inability to comprehend prayer/dua etc is not due to any dysfunction. It's simply due to you not being exposed to it before. You want to know what's funny? There are so many Muslims in this world who simply do these things (prayer/dua) as
routine. They don't
think consciously nor do they even try to actually
connect with Allah. It's just a bunch of physical actions they do and consider their duty done.
Your case is a
good sign. You are trying consciously, you
want to feel the strong emotion but are finding a difficulty and you are
lamenting this. In my mind, that is way better than the routined folks who are kept in the dark about their own deficiencies in this regard. Allah has favoured you to awaken you to your deficiency*, I honestly believe this.
* Deficiency being the inability to be fully sincere. We ALL have this deficiency. Nobody is fully switched on and connected to Allah at all times. There are good days and bad days. Muslims need to keep striving.
It's always going to be a struggle.
It's good to be aware of your problems than to not know it exists in the first place and as I said, there are a heck of a LOT of people who do not realise their problems.