There are two different opinions on the matter of women cutting their hair. One opinion states that there is no harm in it because nothing can be found expressly prohibiting it. The other opinion from a number of scholars is that it is disallowed, because when Rasoolullah sallallaahu alaihi wa sallam was asked a number of questions where the possible answer could have been "cut your hair", he never gave that answer, and also there is no proof that he allowed his wives (radhiallahunna ajma'een) to cut their hair.
Assuming it is permissible for women to cut their hair not imitating men, then where do we draw the line? To what extent will this permissibility be effective? Every woman will now use her own discretion as to how long or how short her hair be in order to prevent tashbeeh (similarity to males or kaafir women). Which males hair do we use as criteria to say that up till this length is tashbeeh? And who can say what imitates kuffaar women and what doesn't?
Abu Salma ibn Abdurrahmaan says that, 'the foster brother of Aaisha (radhiallaahu anha) and the narrator himself (Abu Salma), both went to Aaisha. The foster brother asked Aaisha about how Rasoolullah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to take Ghusl. Aaisha (radhiallaahu anha) asked for a large container which was approximately one Saa'. She then arranged for a curtain and thereafter performed Ghusl. She poured water three times over her head and thereafter said the wives of Rasoolullah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) used to "akhz" their hair until it reached till just above the shoulders.' (Muslim, Book 003, Number 0626)
The Arabic text of the hadeeth is:
و حدثني عبيد الله بن معاذ العنبري قال حدثنا أبي قال حدثنا شعبة عن أبي بكر بن حفص عن أبي سلمة بن عبد الرحمن قال
دخلت على عائشة أنا وأخوها من الرضاعة فسألها عن غسل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم من الجنابة فدعت بإناء قدر الصاع فاغتسلت وبيننا وبينها ستر وأفرغت على رأسها ثلاثا قال وكان أزواج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يأخذن من رءوسهن حتى تكون كالوفرة
The word in the Hadith is ya'khuzna from the origin or masdar
'akhz' which actually means "to take" or "to put", but is incorrectly translated in many places as 'cutting' or 'lopping'.
(I believe that the above Islamqa.com fatwa has also incorrectly used the word cutting in the translation).
Imam Muslim quoted this Hadith together with other Ahaadith of Ghusl under the book of haydh. This indicates that this Hadith has nothing to do with the cutting of hair. The word
akhz, actually means, amongst other things, to take, or to put : The hair of the wives of Rasoolullah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) was long. Instead of allowing the hair to hang down whilst performing Ghusl, they used to take their hair and plait it up into a bun in order to reach just above their shoulders. Their long hair was made into a bun to sit on top of the neck. This was done so that it becomes easy for them to wash their back whilst performing Ghusl. Whilst the hair is hanging down, it was difficult for water to reach all parts of the back thoroughly , therefore, this method was adopted. This is the meaning of 'akhz' in the Hadith.
The last word of the hadeeth is wafrah (translated above as being just above the shoulders). Wafrah has different meanings: It may be hair collected upon the head or hair hanging down upon the ears or hair extending to the lobes of the ears only. (Lanes Arabic - English Lexicon). In other words, the wives of the prophet sallallaahu alaihi wa sallam used to take their hair and put it up to that level, to keep the back clear.
Due to the mistranslation, some people believe that the wives of the Prophet sallallaahu alaihi wa sallam or Aaisha in particular (may Allah be pleased with them), had cut hair, or used to cut their hair in a style called wafrah i.e. near the shoulders/ears, whereas this was clearly not the case.
When Aaisha (radhiallaahu anha) was performing Hajj, her menses began on the day of Arafaat. Being the narrator of this Hadith, she says, 'I found myself to be in my menses on the day of Arafaat so I explained my condition to Rasoolullah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam). Thereupon, he replied, 'Leave out your Umra, undo your head and comb your hair.' (Bukhari, Volume 1, Book 6, Number 313). Ibn Hajar has mentioned that the meaning of 'undo your head' is 'open up the plaits of your hair.' (Fathul Baari vol.1 pg.331). The fact that Rasoolullah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) commanded her to do this clearly indicates to this fact that Aaisha had long hair.
Umm Salama reported: I said: Messenger of Allah, I am a woman who has closely plaited hair on my head; should I undo it for taking a bath, because of sexual intercourse? He (the Holy Prophet) said: No, it is enough for you to throw three handfuls of water on your head and then pour water over yourself, and you shall be purified. (Muslim, Book 003, Number 0643)
These traditions clearly indicate that women are allowed, in exceptional cases, to throw water over their heads - which is not the real matter of discussion here - but that:
a) The wives of Rasulullah sallallaaahu alayhi wa sallam, (i.e. our mothers) Umme Salamah and Ayesha (radhiyallaahu anhumaa) themsleves had long hair;
b)
No directive was given to cut, trim, clip, or shave the hair in order to solve the problem; and ,
c) In many such questions a similar answer was given.
The scholars who say cutting of hair for women is disallowed, say that had Rasoolullah sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam considered it permissible for the hair to be cut, then he could have suggested that, or at least trimming, as an easy solution to the problem, but he didn't.
If no ruling was given to cut the hair when the cutting could actually have solved a problem, then how can a ruling be given to allow cutting of the hair for mere decoration?
The major classical Hanafi Fiqh books prohibit the cutting of hair for women (Radd al-Muhtar with the Durr of al-Haskafi, kitab al-hazr wal-ibaha, 5/261) . Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen also stated it is disallowed, and quotes Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal's position as the same - that it is Makrooh Tahreemi in general, and haraam if done in emulation. (Fataawal Mar'ah, page 232) and (Fataawal Mar'ah, pages 235, 236). May Allah be pleased with them.
Allah knows best.
