Jazak Allah Khair for the post brother Syed, I also sponsor the same as you in this regard.
The words "Dhul Qarnayn" - are really amazing, in fact, from my study into the relationship of the name Dhul Qarnayn to the personality of Cyrus - I find that however we apply the term - it fits - that's amazing.
Now, for me - this study has been spanning years on and off. Initially I found someone on the net who (non Muslim) claimed that Dhul Qarnayn must be satan because he has 2 horns, further they assumed the Quran was a book of fairytales, due to the apocalyptic scenario of G&M breaking out of the barrier and ruining everything in the world - they assumed this would happen in a very short period of time - being apocalyptic in nature - BUT - the Quran is a very nuanced book, and he was reading it to confirm his own bias:
He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: In it are verses basic or fundamental (of established meaning); they are the foundation of the Book: others are allegorical. But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part thereof that is allegorical, seeking discord, and searching for its hidden meanings, but no one knows its hidden meanings except Allah. And those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in the Book; the whole of it is from our Lord:" and none will grasp the Message except men of understanding. Quran 3:7
We've seen the islamophobes often play this card - and often they shy away in embarrassment when the context is defined.
From the Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 11:4
And if a king shall arise from among the House of David, studying Torah and occupied with commandments like his father David, according to the written and oral Torah, and he will impel all of Israel to follow it and to strengthen breaches in its observance, and will fight God's wars, this one is to be treated as if he were the anointed one. If he succeeded and built the Holy Temple in its proper place and gathered the dispersed ones of Israel together,this is indeed the anointed one for certain, and he will mend the entire world to worship the Lord together, as it is stated: "For then I shall turn for the nations a clear tongue, so that they will all proclaim the Name of the Lord, and to worship Him with a united resolve"(Zephaniah 3:9).
Although Cyrus was reputedly a Persian, he was mixed race - meaning, he was both a Persian and a Mede - and in this coupling it is more than possible that his lineage could have extended to the House of David (peace be upon him) and Allah knows best the truth of this.
The whole verse is seemingly describing none other than Cyrus.
1) he was a great King
[And if a king shall arise from among the House of David,]
2) he studied the Torah under the guidance of the Jews after freeing them from captivity in Babel, and returning them to Jerusalem
[studying Torah and occupied with commandments like his father David, according to the written and oral Torah,]
3) Cyrus had a great army and fought in the way of righteousness
[and he will impel all of Israel to follow it and to strengthen breaches in its observance, and will fight God's wars]
4) thus he was given the title of Messiah
[this one is to be treated as if he were the anointed one]
5) he required that all the Jews who were so inclined - to go to jerusalem and help to rebuld the temple (of Solomon AS) and those that were unable to go, for them to send riches in the aid of the rebuilding as part of their worship
[If he succeeded and built the Holy Temple in its proper place and gathered the dispersed ones of Israel together,this is indeed the anointed one for certain]
6) Though it is not in the historical record (due to the latter kingdom not being material but spiritual in the quest to spread monotheism [remember, history only records material empires]) we find that it would be more than possible for Cyrus to promote Monotheism to those he had conquered once he had established the rebuilding of the temple in jerusalem, and henceforth embarked on his new found zeal (after getting the education from the Jews regarding Monotheism) to spread monotheism to the furthest west and east of the land.
[and he will mend the entire world to worship the Lord together, as it is stated: "For then I shall turn for the nations a clear tongue, so that they will all proclaim the Name of the Lord, and to worship Him with a united resolve]
Henceforth, we find the following understanding of the word Messiah from the record:
al-Masīḥ (proper name, pronounced [mæˈsiːħ]) is the Arabic word for messiah. In modern Arabic, it is used as one of the many titles of Jesus pbuh. Masīḥ is used by Arab Christians as well as Muslims, and is written as Yasūʿ al-Masih (يسوع المسيح ) by Arab Christians or ʿĪsā al-Masīḥ (عيسى المسيح) by Muslims.
The word al-Masīḥ literally means "the anointed",
"the traveller", or the "one who cures by caressing".
references:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messiah#cite_note-13 and Badawi, Elsaid; Haleem, Muhammad Abdel (2008). Arabic-English Dictionary of Qu'ranic Usage. Koninklijke Brill. p. 881.
So when the Quraish asked the Jews of Yathrib on how to test the Prophet Muhammad regarding his prophethood, one of the questions the Jews gave to the Quraish to test Muhammad pbuh with was "Tell us of
"the traveller" who travelled the worlds West and East"
Seems the case for Cyrus being Dhul Qarnayn is almost set in stone, And Allah knows best.
EDIT: to put this in perspective - read the following,
Cyrus the Great figures in the Hebrew Bible as the patron and deliverer of the Jews. He is mentioned 23 times by name and alluded to several times more. From these statements it appears that Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, was the monarch under whom the Babylonian captivity ended, for according to the Bible, in the first year of his reign he was prompted by God to make a decree that the Temple in Jerusalem should be rebuilt and that such Jews as cared to might return to their land for this purpose. Moreover, he showed his interest in the project by sending back with them the sacred vessels which had been taken from the First Temple and a considerable sum of money with which to buy building materials.
Cyrus the Great is unconditionally praised in the Jewish sources. It is likely that, after the Persian conquest of Babylon, Cyrus had commenced his relationship with the Jewish leaders in exile, and that he later was considered as a messiah sent by God.
The Hebrew Bible states that Cyrus issued the decree of liberation to the Jews. Cyrus's edict for the rebuilding of the Temple in Jerusalem marked a great epoch in the history of the Jewish people. The babylonian Clay Cylinder - also attests the same, barring a few details - namely the mentioning of Bel and Nabu, and Marduk - whom were Gods, which he venerated before his conversion to the Islam of the time - todays Judaism is rather alien from that version.
Speculation abounds to the reasoning for Cyrus' release of the Jews from Babylon. One argument being that Cyrus was a follower of Zoroaster, the monotheistic prophet: Zoroastrianism played a dominant religious role in Persia throughout its history until the Islamic conquest. As such, he would feel a kindred spirit with the monotheistic Jews. Who then perfected for Cyrus, his belief in Monotheism. And we find in Ezra1:1-8, indicates
"the Lord inspired King Cyrus of Persia to issue this proclamation".
The Works of Flavius Josephus ,Translated by William Whiston
HOW CYRUS, KING OF THE PERSIANS, DELIVERED THE JEWS OUT OF BABYLON AND SUFFERED THEM TO RETURN TO THEIR OWN COUNTRY AND TO BUILD THEIR TEMPLE, FOR WHICH WORK HE GAVE THEM MONEY.
1. In the first year of the reign of Cyrus which was the seventieth from the day that our people were removed out of their own land into Babylon, God commiserated the captivity and calamity of these poor people, according as he had foretold to them by Jeremiah the prophet, before the destruction of the city, that after they had served Nebuchadnezzar and his posterity, and after they had undergone that servitude seventy years, he would restore them again to the land of their fathers, and they should build their temple, and enjoy their ancient prosperity.
And these things God did afford them; for he stirred up the mind of Cyrus, and made him write this throughout all Asia: "Thus saith Cyrus the king: Since God Almighty hath appointed me to be king of the habitable earth, I believe that he is that God which the nation of the Israelites worship; for indeed he foretold my name by the prophets, and that I should build him a house at Jerusalem, in the country of Judea.".
This was known to Cyrus by his reading the book which Isaiah left behind him of his prophecies; for this prophet said that God had spoken thus to him in a secret vision:
"My will is, that Cyrus, whom I have appointed to be king over many and great nations, send back my people to their own land, and build my temple."
This was foretold by Isaiah one hundred and forty years before the temple was demolished.
Meaning, that a prophecy was fulfilled and Cyrus was the vessel by which the prophecy was fulfilled.
"FOR HE STIRRED UP THE MIND OF CYRUS" - reads very similar to
"We (Allah) said (by inspiration)" - Al Kahf, ayah 86 excerpt from tafsir.
And Allah knows best, the truth of every thing. Ameen.
Scimi