Enemies of Allah and Forgiveness: Question about Surah Repentance

[AntiKarateKid]

112. (The believers whose lives Allâh has purchased are) those who repent to Allâh (from polytheism and hypocrisy, etc.), who worship Him, who praise Him, who fast (or go out in Allâh's Cause), who bow down (in prayer), who prostrate themselves (in prayer), who enjoin (people) for Al-Ma'rûf (i.e. Islâmic Monotheism and all what Islâm has ordained) and forbid (people) from Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief, polytheism of all kinds and all that Islâm has forbidden), and who observe the limits set by Allâh (do all that Allâh has ordained and abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which Allâh has forbidden). And give glad tidings to the believers.[]

113. It is not (proper) for the Prophet and those who believe to ask Allâh's Forgiveness for the Mushrikûn (polytheists, idolaters, pagans, disbelievers in the Oneness of Allâh) even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of the Fire (because they died in a state of disbelief).

114. And [Ibrahîm's (Abraham)] invoking (of Allâh) for his father's forgiveness was only because of a promise he [Ibrahîm (Abraham)] had made to him (his father). But when it became clear to him [Ibrahîm (Abraham)] that he (his father) is an enemy to Allâh, he dissociated himself from him. Verily Ibrahîm (Abraham) was Al-Awwah (has fifteen different meanings but the correct one seems to be that he used to invoke Allâh with humility, glorify Him and remember Him much), and was forbearing. (Tafsir Al-Qurtubî).[]



I am not sure who verse 113 applies to. Is it only referring to the dead whom we don't pray for or the living too?

[Fazl Ahmad]

I am not sure who verse 113 applies to. Is it only referring to the dead whom we don't pray for or the living too?

Assalamu alaikum. The ayah is referring to the mushrikeen who have passed from this world, it is not permissible for the believers to pray for their forgiveness. As for those mushrikeen who are still alive, we cannot pray for their forgiveness but we can and should pray that Allah guides them to accept tawheed and abandon their shirk.

[AntiKarateKid]

That makes perfect sense, thank you very much!

[- Qatada -]

http://tafsir.com is really useful to see the context the verses was revealed in

[Zamtsa]

Rasulullah was making du'a for his parents, but Allahu Ta'ala said that his parents were Kafirun. Because his mother had a sign that she was going to give birth to a Prophet, the dream of his mother said Rasulullah was there was a light coming out from her womb which shined the palaces of Syam.

The parents of Rasulullah was not in the Din of Ibrahim and Isma'il after they knew that their son going to a Prophet, that's what made them as going to be the inhabitants of Naar.


Assalamu'alaikum wa rahmatullaahi wa barakaatuh.