...and that he died believing the same as Arius - not in the Trinity.
Yeah, so? Sort of depends on which emperor you are talking about.
The point being not what the Emperor believed, but what the Church believed and taught. I'll go so far as to say that even Arius thought he was defending, not attacking Christianity. But his beliefs were NOT accepted by the bulk of the Church. Could the whole of the Church be wrong? Well, isn't that exactly what Muslims claim? But even in this world of swinging pendulums, I've never seen the pendelum swing in Arius' direction within the Church.
I'm sure there are cases though history of Christians being killed for not renouncing their faith? where as in the case of the disciples, they lived with Jesus, witnessed his miracles and yet that was still not enough? They still feared death, why?
See, this is where you are mistaken. You have to understand the difference between Good Friday and Easter Sunday.
While they may have feared death at one point in their lives, this was when they still thought that Jesus' was merely some sort of political leader, great teacher, special chap sent by God. And then when they saw him arrested and instead of ruling over the political and religious authorities of his day, dead at the hands of them they thought all was lost. But that is like telling the story of Jesus and ripping out the final chapters of the Gospel. The story continues on Easter Sunday with the resurrection. And that would, and still does, change everything.
Sure the disciples had lived with Jesus, witnessed his miracles and yet that was still not enough. They did still fear death. But that was Friday, Sunday as still coming. It was Friday, and darkness was in the land, and darkness ruled the land, but that’s because it’s Friday. But it will not always be Friday. Sunday is coming! We got to remember that in our lives as well.
It was Friday and Jesus is dead on the tree. But that's Friday; Sunday's coming. It was Friday and Mary was crying her eyes out, the disciples are running in every direction like sheep without a shepherd. But that's Friday; Sunday's a coming. People are saying this, "things have been so they shall be, you can’t change nothing in this world," but they didn't know it’s only Friday! Sunday's comin’! Friday, those forces that oppress the poor and keep people down, those forces that destroy people, those forces are in control and they're gonna rule, but they don't know-- it's only Friday, Sunday's a comin'! Friday people are saying darkness is goin' rule the world and sadness is going to be everywhere, but they don't know, it's only Friday, Sunday's a comin'!
So, yes, when Jesus got dragged off to face the cross, those disciples did fear. Why? Because they did not yet understand, because their faith was not yet strong, because they were living focused on something less than the power of God. Why? (With apologies to Tony Campolo for stealing his line.) Because it was Friday, but.....
....Sunday's a comin'!!!