Greetings.
If by freedom of speech you mean that anyone should be able to say anything they want about anyone/anything, even if that is wrong/offensive, then no.
In Islam, we have guidelines for everything, inluding speech, which, amongst other things, are based on respect, and thus certain types of speech are unacceptable, such as backbiting, slander, lies etc.
So in Islam, the maxim isn't that you can say anything at all about anyone. No. There are limits, just as we have limits to what we can eat/drink, how we dress etc. We can enjoy full relations with the opposite gender within the institution of marriage, we can eat and drink freely from what God has told us is good and lawful for us, so we can speak freely within the guidelines laid down for us.
Here are some examples from the Qur'an of disliked/forbidden types of speech:
Allah does not like that evil should be uttered in public except by him who has been wronged. And Allah is Ever All-Hearer, All-Knower. (4:148)
And insult not those whom they (disbelievers) worship besides Allah, lest they insult Allah wrongfully without knowledge. Thus We have made fair-seeming to each people its own doings; then to their Lord is their return and He shall then inform them of all that they used to do. (6:108)
O you who have believed, do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet or be loud to him in speech like the loudness of some of you to others, lest your deeds become worthless while you perceive not. (49:2)
O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule [another] people; perhaps they may be better than them; nor let women ridicule [other] women; perhaps they may be better than them. And do not defame one another and do not call each other by [offensive] nicknames. Wretched is the name of disobedience after [one's] faith. And whoever does not repent - then it is those who are the wrongdoers. (49:11)
O you who have believed, Avoid much suspicions, indeed some suspicions are sins. And do not spy or backbite each other. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his dead brother? You would detest it (so detest the other). And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is Accepting of repentance and Merciful. (49:12)
Your Lord has decreed that you worship none but Him, and that you be kind to parents. Whether one or both of them attain old age in your life, say not to them a word of contempt, nor repel them, but address them in terms of honour. (17:23)
Peace.