Asalaamu Alaikum,
Do you believe the Bible is by word-2-word from God?
Is it claimed that the Qur'an is like that? I thought that there were 7 variant readings of it even today.
The writings in the Bible have been copied and recopied over thousands of years and some copyist errors have appeared in the sacred text. But what does this amount to? There might be the variance in a word or the spelling of a word but this rarely causes any problem. Firstly, these are only tiny changes amid a vast amount of other writing that has been faithfully and reliably recorded and preserved. And secondly, these variances almost never have any impact on anything important or doctrinal.
Of more serious concern are cases where a
deliberate attempt has been made by a scribe or copyist to change the meaning of the scriptures by making alterations in them.
I mentioned some of these in another post:
This link:
http://livingtheway.org/sopherim.html
says:
[SIZE=+1]There was, at one point in history, an organized attempt, by the very scribes who copied the Hebrew scriptures, to change certain words and phrases in the scriptures. One of the things that they did was to remove God’s name from scripture in 134 verses! 134 times, these scribes removed the name of God and substituted "Adonay," often out of reverence and respect for God’s name, and a wish not to blaspheme God’s name by using it too often.[/SIZE]
And in my copy of Rotheram's translation "The Emphasized Bible" there is a footnote to Habakkuk 1:12 which reads:
""All the ancient records emphatically state that ... the original reading was ... "Thou diest not" ... Rashi (1040-1105) makes this the basis of his explanation" - G. Intro. p. 358 [The Sopherim changed it to: "We shall not die."]"
The tampering or changing of the sacred text of the scriptures by the Jewish Sopherim or scribes was apparently done with a good motive. It was an attempt to remove anything in the Bible that seemed to be disrespectful or unseemly respecting God. Nevertheless, what these scribes did was completely wrong.
And:
[SIZE=+4]
The 134 Passages Where The Sopherim Altered "Jehovah" to "Adonai". [/SIZE]
[FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+2]
This Is Appendix 32 From The Companion Bible. [/SIZE][/FONT] [FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
Out of extreme (but mistaken) reverence for the Ineffable Name "Jehovah", the ancient custodians of the Sacred Text substituted in many places "Adonai" (see Appendix 4. viii. 2). These, in the Authorized Version and Revised Version, are all printed "Lord". In all these places we have printed it "L[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=-1]
ORD[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
", marking the word with an asterisk in addition to the note in the margin, to inform the reader of the fact.
The official list given in the Massorah (§§ 107-15, Ginsburg's edition) contains the 134.
Genesis 18:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
3,27,30,32[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 19:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
18[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 20:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
4[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Exodus 4:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
10,13[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 5:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
22[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 15:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 34:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
9,9[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Numbers 14:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Joshua 7:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
8[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Judges 6:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
15[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 13:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
8[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. [/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
Kings 3:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
10,15[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 22:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
6[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. [/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
Kings 7:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
6[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 19:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
23[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Isaiah 3:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
17,18[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 4:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
4[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 6:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1,8,11[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 7:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
14,20[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 8:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
7[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 9:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
8,17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 10:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 11:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
11[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 21:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
6,8,16[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 28:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 29:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
13[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 30:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
20[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 37:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
24[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 38:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
14,16[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 49:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
14[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Ezekiel 18:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
25,29[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 21:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
13[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 33:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
17,29[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Amos 5:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
16[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 7:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
7,8[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 9:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Zechariah 9:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
4[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Micah 1:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Malachi 1:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12,14[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Psalm 2:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
4[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 16:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 22:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
19,30[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 30:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
8[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 35:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
3,17,22[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 37:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 38:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
9,15,22[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 39:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
7[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 40:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 44:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
23[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 51:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
15[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 54:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
4[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 55:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
9[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 57:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
9[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 59:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
11[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 62:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 66:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
18[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 68:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
11,17,19,22,26,32[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 73:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
20[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 77:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2,7[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 78:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
65[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 79:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 86:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
3,4,5,8,9,12,15[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 89:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
49,50[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 90:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1,17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 110:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
5[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 130:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2,3,6[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Daniel 1:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 9:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
3,4,7,9,15,16,17,19,19,19[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Lamentations 1:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
14,15,15[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 2:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1,2,5,7,18,19,20[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 3:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
31,36,37,58[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Ezra 10:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
3[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Nehemiah 1:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
11[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 4:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
14[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Job 28:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
28[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. [/SIZE][/FONT]
[FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
To these may be added the following, where "Elohim" was treated in the same way :- [/SIZE][/FONT]
[FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
2[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
Samuel 5:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
19-25[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 6:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
9-17[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
} Where the Authorized Version has "L[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=-1]
ORD[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
."
[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
Chronicles 13:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
12[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 14:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
10,11,14,16[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 16:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
. Psalm 14:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1,2,5[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
; 53:[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman]
1,2,4,5[/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
.} Where in Authorized Version and Revised Version it still appears as "God". It is printed "G[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=-1]
OD[/SIZE][/FONT][FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
" in the Companion Bible.
[/SIZE][/FONT]Also there have been clumsy attempts to corrupt the writings in the NT by introducing whole passages into the text such as at 1 John 5:7. But ultimately, all efforts to corrupt the Bible have met with failure because it has been so widely copied and distributed over the entire world into many different languages and cultures and to succeed it would be necessary to change all of these which would be impossible. Any changes introduced can be identified and eliminated with comparison generally to older and more reliable manuscripts.[FONT=Aldine,Kuenst,Clarendon,Times New Roman][SIZE=+1]
[/SIZE][/FONT]