Salam Alaikum:
Brother, men...be they scholars or not, are prone to errors, (perhaps you or your friend have misunderstood this tafsir). I can't read arabic and do not have access to what you initially quoted, but it's really not necessary.
All you have to do is ask yourself some simple questions. "Did all the prophets teach the same thing?" The answer is YES....the oneness of God. Did any of the prophets teach things like blood atonement, original sin and a tri-union? The answer is NO. However, you are questioning the validity of Pauline doctrine when he taught things completely different than any of the prophets. How can that be justified in your mind?
Paul spent his lifetime killing, torturing and persecuting followers of Jesus, pbuh, and wanted nothing more than to see Jesus, pbuh, completely destroyed. He never heard Jesus, pbuh, speak, never spoke to His true disciples and never tried to learn anything He taught. However, after Jesus, pbuh, was taken up, all of a sudden Paul meets Jesus, pbuh, on the road to Damascus and Jesus, pbuh, makes him a disciple???? :? Even after this most amazing vision, where does Paul go? Straight to the chosen disciples of Christ to learn the gospel? NOOO, he disappears for 3 years and reappears with his own doctrine. When he does manage to go to the chosen disciples of Jesus, pbuh, they didn't trust him and he was blasted many times for teaching false doctrine. He was never accepted by the true followers of Jesus, pbuh, but he did manage to convince many that the previous laws had been abolished, (even though Jesus, pbuh, clearly says He did not come to abolish the laws of the Prophets before Him, but to fulfill them), so their salvation was guaranteed. Who taught this? Who gave him this right? Paul admits many times his words were not inspired, ie: 1 Corinthians 7:25, he admits that he used trickery to gain followers, ie: Corinthians 9:19-21.
This is the man you are questioning and leaves you questioning your deen??
I posted the following in another thread and I will post it for you here. Then ask yourself, who inspired Paul to write his doctrine:
Original Sin:
Jesus: Not taught, Mark 19:13-14, Ezekiel 18:20-21
Muhammed: Not taught, Quran 6:164
Paul: Taught, Romans 5:12-14, Corinthians 15:22
Are we all unrighteous?
Jesus: NO, Mark 2:16-17, Mark 15:24
Muhammed: NO, Qur’an 33:70-71, 38:82-83
Paul: YES, Romans 3:10-23
Do our good works have any bearing before God?
Jesus: YES, Mat. 15:16, John 10:24-25
Muhammed: YES, Qur’an 24:38, 42:23
Paul: NO, Ephesians 2:8-9, Galatians 3:6-14
Must we follow the laws and commandments of God?
Jesus: YES, Matt 19:17, mark 10:19, Luke 18:20, Psalms 112:1, Exodus 20:6
Muhammed, YES, Qur’an 6:151-153
Paul, NO, Galatians 2:16, 3:11, 3:24, Romans 2:13
Is Atonement through sacrifice necessary?
Jesus: NO, Mark 12:28-29, Matt. 9:13, Hosea 6:6
Muhammed: NO, Qur’an 3:77
Paul: YES, Ephesians 5:2, Galatians 3:13, Hebrews 9:26
(by Ali Ataie)
How can Paul's doctrine be so drastically different from the Prophets we KNOW were sent and inspired by Allah, swt?
Wasalam,
Hana