Mistakes in understanding the Holy Quraan.

[OmAbdullah]

Please read the translation of verse 1 of the surah Al-Maa'idah (5:1) along with the Expl. Note 3:


(5:1) Believers! Honour your bonds![SUP]1[/SUP] All grazing beasts of the flock[SUP]2[/SUP] are permitted to you except those which are recited to you hereinafter, but you are not allowed to hunt in the state of Ihram (a state of pilgrim sanctity).[SUP]3[/SUP] Indeed Allah decrees as He wills.[SUP]4[/SUP]
‏


Exp.note 3:



3. Ihram is the name of the simple apparel worn at the time of Pilgrimage. In every direction around the Ka'bah, there are certain fixed points beyond which no Pilgrim may proceed without donning this special Pilgrim's garment in place of his normal clothes. This apparel consists of two sheets of untailored cloth, one of which is wrapped around the lower part of the body while the other is thrown over the upper part. This manner of dressing is termed ihram because once a man has assumed it he must treat as prohibited a number of things which are ordinarily lawful, for example either shaving or trimming the hair, or using perfumes and other items of toiletry and the gratification of sexual desires. These restrictions also extend to both killing and hunting, and to leading anyone else to either kill or hunt an animal.

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Here is the command of Allah in the verse 1 of the 5th surah. The words in Arabic are:


غير محلى الصيد و أنتم حرم


Which mean: “No hunting while you are in ihram.” (hunting is not halaal for you while you are in ihram”


So this Command is very clear in the Holy Quraan. Then in the verse 2 of the same surah permission is given for hunting after the removal of ihram. The translation of the (5:2) is:


(5:2) Believers! Neither desecrate the symbols of (devotion to) Allah,[SUP]5[/SUP] nor the holy month, nor the animals of offering, nor the animals wearing collars indicating they are for sacrifice, nor ill-treat those who have set out for the Holy House seeking from their Lord His bounty and good pleasure.[SUP]6[/SUP] But once you are free from Pilgrimage obligations, you are free to hunt.[SUP]7[/SUP] Do not let your wrath against the people who have barred you from the Holy Mosque move you to commit undue transgressions;[SUP]8[/SUP] rather, help one another in acts of righteousness and piety, and do not help one another in sin and transgression. Fear Allah. Surely Allah is severe in retribution.

Exp. Note 7:

7. Ihram is also one of the symbols of God and violation of any of the prohibitions which should be observed in that state is an act of sacrilege. The prohibition of hunting while in the state of ihram is mentioned in connection with the desecration of the symbols of God. When ihram is over, the prohibitions become void, and one is permitted to hunt.



See, how much clear and direct are the commands in Allah’s Book with explanation according to the Sunnah.


According to some writer, a faqeeh explains this simple permission as to be fard or mustahab (desired) to hunt after removing ihram. This means that he/she is committing a big sin. He cannot change the Hajj manaasik because they are again a hadeeth mutawaatar (continuously practiced by hundres of thousands of Muslims since the time of the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him). But he, by such wrong ta’weel (explanation) of the verses, has strayed many Muslims. They deviate Muslims from the understanding of the Quraan + Snnah and thus good practicing Muslims have become ignorant and weak!!!



In the 5:95 a more strict Command of the Prohibition has come along with the command of paying kafaarah for those who violates this Command intentionally.


(5:95) Believers! Do not kill game while you are in the state of pilgrim sanctity.[SUP]110[/SUP] Whoever of you kills it wilfully there shall be a recompense, the like of what he has killed in cattle - as shall be judged by two men of equity among you - to be brought to the Ka'bah as an offering, or as an expiation the feeding of the needy, or its equivalent in fasting[SUP]111[/SUP] in order that he may taste the grievousness of his deed. Allah has pardoned whatever has passed; but Allah will exact a penalty from him who repeats it. Allah is All-Mighty. He is fully capable of exacting penalties.

You can see the exp.note at the tafheem.net

After opening the above go to "understanding Quran".


So we must know the serious nature of Allah’s Commands and must obey them to be protected from Hell. Therefore please do understand the Holy Quraan and the Sunnah. Both are present side by side in any tafseer. On tafheem.net you will find three good tafseers for understanding the Holy Quraan.


I had to start this thread because I found some Muslims making horrible mistakes about the Holy Quraan. This is because they are not in regular contact with the Holy Quraan. They just read some books of fuqahaa about the verses of the Holy Quraan and hadeeth; and the ruling derived from them and thus are misled.

 

[OmAbdullah]

The verses of the Holy Quraan must be read in full and inside the context. Taking out a part of a verse or full verse out of its context may change the meaning. Even if you take out a sentence out of its context in ordinary statement, the meaning may become the opposite of the real meaning. Here is an example:


Abdullah's younger brother Khaalid used to hit his small sister. Abdullah always advised him not to hit her. One day he became very angry and said to Khaalid: "You have hit her again! Okay, now hit her and see what!"


Now take out a part of the sentence out of its context:

"Now hit her."

See, the meaning is like a command to hit the sister. So the rule is always to read the whole paragraph or the whole statement for understanding the meaning thoroughly. The same rule must be applied to understand the Holy Quraan. Here are some examples:


Surah Al-Nisaa (An-Nisaa) 43 (translation);


(4:43) Believers! Do not draw near to the Prayer while you are intoxicated[SUP]65[/SUP] until you know what you are saying[SUP]66[/SUP] nor while you are defiled[SUP]67[/SUP] - save when you are travelling - until you have washed yourselves.[SUP]68[/SUP] If you are either ill or travelling or have relieved yourself or have had contact with women[SUP]69[/SUP] and can find no water, then betake yourselves to pure earth, passing with it lightly over your face and your hands.[SUP]70 [/SUP]Surely Allah is All-Relenting, All-Forgiving.
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Now if someone takes out the part of the above verse:


"Do not go near the prayer".


See, the meaning became the opposite!!!

So we must read the whole text of a surah to understand its meanings.


Now read the same verse (4:43) with the exp. Note 65:


Exp. Note 65


65. This is the second in the chronological sequence of injunctions concerning intoxicants. We came across the first injunction in (Surah al-Baqarah 2: 219). In that verse God merely indicated that drinking wine was a great sin, making it clear that it was reprehensible in His sight. This was quite enough to make some Muslims give up liquor altogether, though many others still took intoxicating drinks: they sometimes stood up to pray while still under the influence of alcohol, so that they even made mistakes in their recitations. This second injunction was probably revealed at the beginning of 4 A.H., making it forbidden, thenceforth, to pray in a state of intoxication. This led people to alter their drinking times. They drank only at those hours when there was no fear of their remaining under the influence of intoxicants when the time for Prayer came. The injunction embodying unconditional prohibition of intoxicants was revealed not long afterwards. See (Surah al-Ma'idah 5: 90-1.)


It should also be borne in mind that the word used in the verse is derived from sukr, which embraces not merely intoxicating liquors but everything which causes intoxication. The injunction contained in the verse is valid even now, for though the use of intoxicants as such has been completely prohibited, praying in a state of intoxication is a graver sin.


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As is clear from the above verse of Surah Al-Nisaa (An-Nisaa) and its exp. Note 65, the verses / Commands in the Holy Quraan were sent down gradually, step by step, to make it easy for the Muslims to follow them. The third and the final Command about intoxicants (Wines etc.) was revealed in (5:90-91), here is the translation:



(5:90) Believers! Intoxicants, games of chance, idolatrous sacrifices at altars, and divining arrows[SUP]108[/SUP] are all abominations, the handiwork of Satan. So turn wholly away from it that you may attain to true success.[SUP]109[/SUP]



(5:91) By intoxicants and games of chance Satan only desires to create enmity and hatred between you, and to turn you away from the remembrance of Allah and from Prayer. Will you, then, desist?

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In these verses the Command of the absolute prohibition of the intoxicants is revealed.


Now it is said that there are three methods / commands of wudoo as given in the ahaadeeth of saheeh-al-Bukhaaree. Regarding this saying, we can think of two possibilities:




1. The hadeeth with three times washing of all parts during wudoo is correct as it is proved by tawaatar (it has been continuously practiced by numerous Muslims since the time of Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam). The other two ahaadeeth with washing the parts once and twice may not be correct ahaadeeth because Allah has preserved the Holy Quraan but didn’t preserve the ahaadeeth. Due to this reason, the Companions rAa used to be extremely careful in the words of Hadeeth!!!

1. If all of the three hadeeth are correct then the method of tadreej (step by step) may be used.

In any case there is no difficulty for us because even a new convert can ask someone in a masjid or he can see in the place of wudoo to learn how all Prayer-makers make wudoo. It is very easy to learn!

 

[OmAbdullah]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful


Someone said that there are 500 muhakkimaat in the Holy Quraan!
I wonder! Did he/she himself count the muhakkimaat verses and found them to be 500 or is he/she following someone else blindly?


Although I didn’t count the muhakkimaat and mutashabihaat myself but from daily recitation I can guess that the ratio of the mutashabihaat to the muhakkimaat may be like that of salt to flour in bread (This is my guess but I didn’t count them exactly and Allah Azza wa Jall knows best). In surah Al-Baqarah I don’t remember if there is a mutashabihaat verse while it is full of muhakkimaat. In surah Al-Noor (An-Noor) which is full of Commands of do and don’t (muhakkimaat), there is one aayah from mutashabihaat and that is the verse 35 (“ Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth-------). (This is what I remember but I didn't check it closely, Insha-Allah I will do and if I found another one, I will post it. If any brother /sister knows another mutashaabah verse in the surah Al-Noor, then he/she must inform me and others.)


All verses of admonition came in the muhakkimaat verses and none of the Commands of admonition are found in the mutashabihaat. So on the Day of Judgment none will have the excuse that such and such Command was in the mutashabihaat verses, so I could not understand them!!!


What are the muhakkimaat and mutashabihaat? Let us see the answer in the light of the Quraan and Sunnah.


Please read the translation and explanation of the verse 7 of surah Aali-Imraam:


(3:7) He is Allah Who has revealed the Book to you. Some of its verses are absolutely clear and lucid, and these are the core of the Book.[SUP]5[/SUP] Others are allegorical[SUP]6[/SUP] Those in whose hearts there is perversity, always go about the part which is allegorical, seeking mischief and seeking to arrive at its meaning arbitrarily, although none knows their true meaning except Allah. On the contrary, those firmly rooted in knowledge say: 'We believe in it; it is all from our Lord alone.'[SUP]7[/SUP] No one derives true admonition from anything except the men of understanding.


Exp. note 5 & 6:


5. Muhkam means that which has been made firmly and perfectly. The muhkam verses mentioned here are those Qur'anic verses which are embodied in clear and lucid language and whose meaning is not liable to any ambiguity. The words of these verses are clear pointers to their true meaning and, therefore, it is difficult to subject them to arbitrary interpretation. Such verses form the core of the Holy Book; they are the verses which fulfil the true purpose for which the Qur'an was revealed, and they invite the whole world to Islam. They embody admonition and instruction as well as the refutation of erroneous doctrines and the elucidation of the Right Way. They also contain the fundamentals of the true faith; teachings relating to belief, worship and morality, and mandatory duties and prohibitions. These are the verses which will guide the genuine seeker after Truth who turns to the Qur'an in order to find out what he ought and ought not to do.


6. 'Mutashabihaat i.e similar
By mutashabihaat are meant those verses in which simile is employed to represent the realities. These verses are allegorical /symbolic / metaphoric. The realities that are mentioned in the mutashabihaat are beyond human perception and feeling. For e.g. Allah’s being on the Arsh (throne), weighing of the deeds and many other realities of the higher world and those of the Hereafter. All these things are described in such a way that they look similar to things found in this world of perception and feeling and are described in the words of the human language. This gives man knowledge of metaphorical realities to an extent which is necessary for his guidance.


At best, such expressions may serve to either bring man close to or enable him to formulate some view of reality, even if it is a faint one. The more one tries to determine the precise meaning of such verses, the more they will get entangled in wordy debates, and will be confronted with choosing between several plausible interpretations. All this is likely to alienate one progressively further away' from the Truth instead of bringing one closer to it. Those who seek the Truth and do not hanker after the satisfaction of their egocentric quest for exotic superfluities, will be satisfied with the dim vision of reality derived from these verses. They will concentrate their attention instead on the clear and lucid 'core' verses of the Qur'an. Only those who are either out to make mischief and mislead people or who have an abnormal passion for superfluities will devote their attention to hair-splitting discussions about the contents of the 'metaphoric" verses.
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(Dawatul-Quraan on tafheem.net has explained these terms in better way)


Shortly, consider it as: We have not seen Allah so we cannot imagine the meaning of Allah establishing HIMSELF on HIS Throne. We believe in Allah as the unseen to us in this world. So we must believe that Allah is the Sovereign of the universe and is ruling. Allah used the word throne for our understanding because we understand that kings have thrones and kingdom. So Allah informed us in the words of human language. We must take only these apparent meaning and should not probe into the real meaning of such verses.

The above two exp. notes have the explanation of only two things i.e. Muhkam and mutashaabah.

One example of the mutashaabah verse is:


Surah Taha verse 5;


5. The Most Merciful [who is] above the Throne established.


The examples of the muhkam verses are many. See the following;


Surah Taha verse 14:
[h=2]
14. Indeed, I am Allah . There is no deity except Me, so worship Me and establish prayer for My remembrance.[/h]
(To be continued in the next post insha-Allah)

 

[OmAbdullah]

Some more examples of the mutashabihaat and muhkam verses:


Mutashabihaat;

Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The example of His light is like a niche within which is a lamp, the lamp is within glass, the glass as if it were a pearly [white] star lit from [the oil of] a blessed olive tree, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil would almost glow even if untouched by fire. Light upon light. Allah guides to His light whom He wills. And Allah presents examples for the people, and Allah is Knowing of all things.


[surah Al-Noor (An-Nur) verse 35]



Surah As-Sajdah verses 4 and 5:


4. It is Allah who created the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them in six days; then He established Himself above the Throne. You have not besides Him any protector or any intercessor; so will you not be reminded?




5. He arranges [each] matter from the heaven to the earth; then it will ascend to Him in a Day, the extent of which is a thousand years of those which you count.





Muhkamaat verses;




surah An-Nur verses 1 and 2;
1. [This is] a surah which We have sent down and made [that within it] obligatory and revealed therein verses of clear evidence that you might remember.

2. The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of Allah , if you should believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers witness their punishment.

 

[OmAbdullah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
​

السلام عليكم و رحمة الله و بركاته


Please consider the verse 7 of the surah Aali-Imraan:


(3:7) It is He Who has revealed the Book to you. Some of its verses are absolutely clear and lucid, and these are the core of the Book.[SUP]5[/SUP] Others are allegorical.[SUP]6[/SUP] Those in whose hearts there is perversity, always go about the part which is allegorical, seeking mischief and seeking to arrive at its meaning arbitrarily, although none knows their true meaning except Allah. On the contrary, those firmly rooted in knowledge say: 'We believe in it; it is all from our Lord alone.'[SUP]7[/SUP] No one derives true admonition from anything except the men of understanding.


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The first sentence says that Allah has revealed this Book to you. So we are made alert to understand that this verse / this surah /this Book Quraan has come down to us from the Sovereign of the Universe, therefore we must take its Commands very seriously and we must obey them.


Then we are informed that some of the verses of the Holy Quran are very clear so we can understand their meaning easily. Such clear verses of the Holy Quraan are its foundation. The second type of verses is metaphorical. Their meaning is not clear to anyone other than Allah Ta’ala. But those people in whose hearts there is stubbornness try to find the meaning of the metaphorical /allegorical (mutashabihaat) verses, although their meaning is known to Allah only. They do that to make mischief because they can never reach the real meaning. Only Allah knows the real meaning.


In the verse there is stop sign called waqfi-laazim after the words “laa ya’lamu ta’weelahoo illa-Allah”. (None except Allah knows its interpretation).


Waqfi-laazim means "obligatory sign to stop". So we must stop at this sign and should not connect the after coming statement with the statement before it. Please now keep this verse in front of you in the Holy Quraan for understanding.


(Also no one has the right to change this sign (waqfi-laazim) to another lighter type of sign. But some of the Arabs changed the sign and now many countries are suffering from the consequences of such actions.)


After the waqfi-laazim, comes the following statement:


“....On the contrary, those firmly rooted in knowledge say: 'We believe in it; it is all from our Lord alone.'[SUP]7[/SUP] No one derives true admonition from anything except the men of understanding”.


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Here we see that Allah Azza wa Jall mentioned the true sincere, learned Muslims and informed us about their faith and behavior with the allegorical verses. They believe in them to be the verses of Allah and do not go after their deep meaning. Allah Azza wa Jall defined such Muslims as “oolul-al-baab” (the people of understanding).


So those Muslims, who believe in the mutashabihaat but do not try to find their real meaning, are Ar-Raasikhoon (firmly rooted in knowledge) and “oolul-al-baab” (the people of understanding).

These great names are given to them by Allah, The Lord of the worlds, and are preserved in the Final Divine Book, the Holy Quran.


Therefore all sincere Muslims who want to be honorable in the Sight of Allah Azza wa Jall, must refrain from searching the real meaning of mutashabihaat.


A hadeeth of Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam narrated by Aaishah rAa advised us as follows:


(When you see those who argue in it (using the Mutashabihat), then they are those whom Allah meant. Therefore, beware of them.)''


Al-Bukhari recorded a similar Hadith in the Tafsir of this Ayah ﴿3:7﴾, as did Muslim in the book of Qadar (the Divine Will) in his Sahih, and Abu Dawud in the Sunnah section of his Sunan, from `A'ishah; "The Messenger of Allah recited this Ayah,


﴿هُوَ الَّذِى أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتَـبَ مِنْهُ آيَـتٌ مُّحْكَمَـتٌ﴾


(It is He Who has sent down to you the Book. In it are verses that are entirely clear,) until,


﴿وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاَّ أُوْلُواْ الأَلْبَـبِ﴾


(And none receive admonition except men of understanding.)


He then said,

(When you see those who follow what is not so clear of the Qur'an, then they are those whom Allah described, so beware of them.)''

This is the wording recorded by Al-Bukhari.

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The above are the translation of the hadeeth shareef. The bold underlined words “Whom Allah described” and “they are those whom Allah meant” refer to the description of Allah in the verse 3:7 about those who have perversity in their hearts and try to interpret the mutashabihaat.

 

[OmAbdullah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم


(Ijtihaad and naasikh wal-mansookh)


Some other terms which I found in use to frighten Muslims from the understanding of the Holy Quraan, are “Ijtihaad and naasikh wal-mansookh”!!!

Insha-Allah, I will try to explain these terms one by one with examples. But at present I want to inform the Muslim brothers and sisters that:

These terms are not obstacle in the understanding of the Holy Quraan. You should simply start understanding the meaning of the verses of the Holy Quraan. No one will ask you to do ijthaad for finding solutions to some problems. That is the responsibility of the Muslim Judges!
Insha Allah I will try to explain these terms later.
At present we will proceed according to the Saying of
Allah which came in many places in the Holy Quraan. Please read the following translation:

Surah Al-Baqarah 151;


(2:151) Just as when We sent among you a Messenger of yourselves, who recites to you Our Signs, purifies your lives, instructs you in the Book and in Wisdom, and instructs you what you did not know.
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In this verse of the surah Al-Baqarah we can see the way Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam applied to teach the Holy Quraan. Here are 5 steps mentioned in this verse, these are:


1. Recitation of the verses of Allah,
2. Purification of our hearts and souls,
3. Instruction in the Book,
4. Instruction in Wisdom,
5. Teaching other things that we don’t know!!!


So we must proceed in the same way as the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) has already taught us.


Go on reciting the verses of the Holy Quraan but try to know its meaning and recite them attentively. If you are not Arab or you are Arab but don’t know classical Arabic then you must read the translation of the verses along with their recitation. Your recitation must be at least as much loud as your ears can hear it. This is to get the reward of recitation.


This will purify your heart as much as you recite the verses attentively and the fear of Allah will go on increasing in your heart/mind so that you shall be, insha-Allah, getting away from the disobedience of Allah and HIS Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him).


After this purification, comes the time when you will learn the Book Al-Quraan in detail. Until now you have been obeying the Commands of daily obligation but the Holy Quraan is full of many commands of moral character, dealings with others and also there are laws/ rules for every matter. Your wisdom shall increase insha-Allah and you will understand the teachings one by one.


So at present you must start it as the verse 151 of the surah Al-Baqarah has instructed. The rest leave to Allah, Tawakkal ala-Allah!!!

 

[OmAbdullah]

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful
​

I sincerely advise every Muslim to start understanding the Holy Quraan on his/her own by choosing a good tafseer as soon as possible.

Allah’s Promises are very true. You will find the Holy Quraan very easy for admonition because Allah Ta’alaa repeated the verse in surah Al-Qamar. Its translation is:


(54:17) We have made this Qur'an easy as a reminder.[SUP]15[/SUP] Is there, then, any who will take heed?


Exp. note 15;


15. Some people have misconstrued the words yassarnal- Quran to mean that the Quran is an easy Book; no knowledge is required to understand it so much so that a person even without the knowledge of the Arabic language, can write a commentary on it, and can deduce any injunctions he likes from its verses independent of the Hadith and Islamic Law, whereas the context in which these words occur, indicates that they are meant to make the people realize this: One means of the admonition are the dreadful torments that descended upon the rebellious nations, and the other means is this Quran, which guides you to the right path by argument and instruction. Obviously, this means of admonition is by far the easier one; then, why don’t you take advantage of it and insist on meeting with the torment instead? It is indeed Allah’s bounty that He has sent this Book through His Prophet and is warning you that the ways you are following lead only to destruction and your well-being lies only in following this way. This method of admonition has been adopted so that you are rescued even before you fall into the pit of destruction. Now, who could be more foolish than the one who does not believe in the admonition and realizes his error only after he has fallen into the pit.

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Now you understand that you, as a starter will like to get admonition, and to purify your heart and mind. You don’t have to write Commentary or to take laws from the Qur’aan for judging cases etc. So Allah said that Allah made the Holy Qur’aan easy to get admonition. Thus you should start it for getting admonition.



According to Ibn Abbaas rAa, the verses of Quraan regarding their tafseer (commentary/explanation) are of 4 types:

1. Those understood by the native Arabic speakers,2
2. Those verses for which no body has excuse for not understanding,

3. Those understood and explained by scholars,

4. Those which none understands except Allah (these verses are the Mutashaabihaat).



I believe that common admonition will surely be in the 2[SUP]nd[/SUP] type of verses so that no one has excuse for not understanding them.

You don’t have to worry about all these types because you are not responsible for all of them. But surely you are responsible for No. 2 which is:


“Those verses for which no body has excuse for not understanding”.


There are many verses which can be understood by every reader even if he / she reads only the translation of those verses. Therefore, you must;


1. Recite at least a page of the Holy Quraan daily to get reward for the Hereafter as well as to purify your heart/mind,

2. Try to read the meaning (if you don’t know Arabic) and understand at least 3 verses daily.


Let us now take a few verses and try to understand them:

الٓمّٓۚ‏ 
ذٰ لِكَ الۡڪِتٰبُ لَا رَيۡبَۛۚۖ فِيۡهِۛۚ هُدًى لِّلۡمُتَّقِيۡنَۙ‏ 
الَّذِيۡنَ يُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِالۡغَيۡبِ وَ يُقِيۡمُوۡنَ الصَّلٰوةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنٰهُمۡ يُنۡفِقُوۡنَۙ‏ 

وَالَّذِيۡنَ يُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِمَۤا اُنۡزِلَ اِلَيۡكَ وَمَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِكَۚ وَبِالۡاٰخِرَةِ هُمۡ يُوۡقِنُوۡنَؕ‏ 

اُولٰٓٮِٕكَ عَلٰى هُدًى مِّنۡ رَّبِّهِمۡ​ وأولئك هم المفلحونَۡ‏  ​

These are the first 5 verses of the surah al-Baqarah. Their translation is:


(2:1) Alif, Laam, Meem.[SUP]1[/SUP]


(2:2) This is the Book of Allah, there is no doubt in it;[SUP]2[/SUP] it is a guidance for the pious,[SUP]3[/SUP]

(2:3) for those who believe in the existence of that which is beyond the reach of perception,[SUP]4[/SUP] who establish Prayer[SUP]5[/SUP] and spend out
of what We have provided them,[SUP]6[/SUP]

(2:4) who believe in what has been revealed to you and what was revealed before you,[SUP]7[/SUP] and have firm faith in the Hereafter.[SUP]8[/SUP]

(2:5) Such are on true guidance from their Lord; such are the truly successful.



After reading the translation, you will go to a short commentary. It will tell you that:


Verse No. 1 is only three letters. These are called the muqatti-‘aat letters. Their meaning is known to Allah only. So we just recite them as they are. For reciting each letter we will get 10 degrees of reward i.e. total reward for their recitation will be 30 degrees.


Verse No.2 tells us about the Book of Allah, the Holy Qur’aan that it has no doubt in it. It is a very true Book and also it is Guidance /admonition for the muttaqeen (the God-fearing people).


The verses 2 & 3 tell us about the qualities of the Muttaqeen (the God-fearing Muslims). Some of their qualities as mentioned here are:

a. They are those (Muslims) who believe in the unseen. So they believe in the Existence and Oneness of God (Allah), in the existence of angels, Hell and Paradise etc.

b. They establish salaah (Obligatory daily prayers). That means they not only pray salaah 5 times every day but they also manage adhaan (call) for every prayer, iqaamah and congregational prayers,


c. They spend for the pleasure of Allah from the provision that Allah Ta’aala gave them,

d. They believe in all that was sent down to Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam (i.e. The Holy quraan and the Sunnah) and that which was sent down before Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam (i.e. the Heavenly Books revealed to the Prophets of the past.

e. They also believe in the coming of the Day of Judgment.



The verse 5 informs us about the status of such Muttaqeen. So Allah Ta’ala informed us that such Muttaqeen are rightly guided by their Lord and also they are the ones that shall prosper.



Now you can see that in these 5 verses there is nothing hard to understand. Similarly, when you go on reading and understanding the verses of the Holy Qur’aan, your knowledge will insha-Allah go on increasing without facing any difficulty. And along with that your heart will get purified as well as you will get 10 degrees reward for reciting every letter. This reward will be useful for your prosperity in the Hereafter.

 

[OmAbdullah]

In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.



The word Ijtihaad is derived from ijtahada which is itself derived from juhud (striving) /jahada (he strived). So ijtihaad means hard strive and struggle to find solution of some problem. In other words it is striving to find laws and rules/commands for judging cases.


A hadeeth in Bukhaari told us that:


Once the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) sent Ma’aaz bin Jabal rAa (as governer) to Yaman. When he was on his horse to start the journey, the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him), standing by his side, asked him, “How will you judge the cases”? He answered, “By looking through the Book of Allah”.

The Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) asked, “if you don’t find it in the Book of Allah, then”? He said, “I will see it in the Sunnah of Rasoolullah”.

The Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) asked again, “And if you don’t find it in the Sunnah”?

Ma’aaz rAa said, “then I will think with my mind”.


The Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) paid thanks to Allah because Allah gave understanding to the rasool (messenger) of Allah’s Rasool (Allah’s Messenger) to do according to the pleasure of Allah’s Messenger.
**********************************************************

[Allah knows best the words of HIS Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him)].



You see that Ma’aaz bin Jabal rAa had the status of a governor of Yaman. He was in need of ijtihad at that status.


In fact when we start to find a law or Command in the Holy Quraan for solving a problem then the striving starts. But real struggle and striving happens when the answer /solution of a problem is not directly found in the Quraan and or in the Sunnah. In the above Hadeeth such struggle is mainly related with the third question and its answer “And if you don’t find it in the Sunnah”?
(Ma’aaz rAa said, “then I will think with my mind”.)


So now you should note it that it is the job of a Muslim Ruler and Judge to be so much acquainted with the knowledge of the Holy Quraan and Hadeeth that he can do ijtihad at all levels. This is because they have to judge the cases of the people. But as a common Muslim your duty is to read and understand the Holy Quraan and Sunnah (good tafseer) to purify yourselves and to know the commands of do and don’t in everyday life. So you must start reading and understanding the Holy Quraan as soon as possible.


When you start learning a good tafseer, soon you will come to know that it is so easy to understand the commands and insha-Allah, after a few years you will be so much acquainted with the Knowledge that a foolish Satan will not be able to deceive you and you will be able to answer most of the questions!


Now I will try to explain by some examples. I am starting with just a few verses of the surah Al-Noor (An-Noor).


(24:1) This is a surah which We have revealed, and which We have made obligatory; We have revealed in it clear instructions[SUP]1[/SUP] so that you may take heed.


(24:2) The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of Allah, if you do truly believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers witness their punishment.

[h=2]
(24:3) The fornicator does not marry except a [female] fornicator or polytheist, and none marries her except a fornicator or a polytheist, and that has been made unlawful to the believers.[/h]
[h=2](24:4) And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient,[/h]
[h=2](24:5) Except for those who repent thereafter and reform, for indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.[/h]
[h=2](24:6) And those who accuse their wives [of adultery] and have no witnesses except themselves - then the witness of one of them [shall be] four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the truthful.[/h][h=2]
(24:7) And the fifth [oath will be] that the curse of Allah be upon him if he is among the liars.[/h]
[h=2](24:8) And it will prevent punishment from her if she gives four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the liars.[/h]
[h=2](24:9) And the fifth [oath will be] that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he was of the truthful.[/h] ************************************************



As you can see these verses are very easy to understand. I think that these are of the type that Ibn abbaas rAa said that no one has excuse for not understanding them. If you don’t know Arabic, you can understand the meaning of these verses only by reading their translation. The application of the laws revealed in these verses will be done by following the method of Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam. He has given all details orally and practically. But that is the responsibility of a Ruler or a Judge. So you as a common Muslim only have to understand the verses and that is very easy.


In the first verse Allah Ta’aala has mentioned three important points, note them:


(24:1) This is a surah which We have revealed, and which We have made obligatory; We have revealed in it clear instructions[SUP]1[/SUP] so that you may take heed.


1. This is a surah which We have revealed,
2. which We have made obligatory;
3. We have revealed in it clear instructions[SUP]1[/SUP]



Although the whole Quraan is revealed by Allah, but in the beginning of surah Al-Noor, this reminder emphasizes the fact that these Commands are not coming from an ordinary person. Rather these are the Commands of the Supreme Lord and Sovereign of the universe. So don’t take them lightly.


Then the second reminder is that these Commands are not mere advices. Rather these are obligatory and mandatory laws. Therefore, these must be implemented.


The third reminder informs us that the verses having these commands and laws are very clear to understand, there is no ambiguity in these verses, therefore, o Muslims, you have no excuse for not implementing them.



Then the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) gave all details for their application. He taught his companions not to use a very thick stick or a very thin stick. Rather, they must choose a stick of medium size. He chose such a stick in front of them. Then He (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) also taught them how to apply the lashes. In short, for judges and rulers, detailed instructions are present in the Books of the Sunnah.



I want to remind you that in these verses, there is a point for ijtihad. Insha-Allah, you will read it in the next post.

 

[OmAbdullah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم


Example of a case that needs ijtihaad:


See the translation of the verses 6---9 of the surah Al-Noor (An-Noor);


6. And those who accuse their wives [of adultery] and have no witnesses except themselves - then the witness of one of them [shall be] four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the truthful.

[h=2]
7. And the fifth [oath will be] that the curse of Allah be upon him if he should be among the liars.[/h]
[h=2]8. But it will prevent punishment from her if she gives four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the liars.[/h]
[h=2]9. And the fifth [oath will be] that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he was of the truthful.[/h] ************************************************


The commentary of many scholars explain them as a special help for a Muslim man whose wife gets involved in adultery while he knows about it but has no witness to prove her crime. I have seen only Yousuf Ali’s commentary which applies these verses for the help of both man and woman.


At the time of Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam only a few cases (may be one or two) had happened when a wife became the adulterer and the law was applied to help her husband. In fact the commentary says that these verses were revealed when a Muslim man complained to the Prophet (Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him) that if he complains about the crime of his wife then the Islamic law will flog him with 80 lashes because he had no witnesses, and if he remains quiet then it is not tolerable for him to live with an adulterer wife. Then Allah sent down these verses to solve his problem. There is no example in the life- time of Muhammad salla Allaho alaihi wa sallam and his companions rAa of a case of the adultery of a husband and the complaint coming from his wife.


Now suppose:

A Muslim woman goes to the Islamic Court and complains against her husband that he is involved in adultery. She has no witnesses. In the court she insists that the law is applicable to both of the husband and wife but the judge wants her to bring 4 witnesses or she will be flogged with 80 lashes for false accusation on her husband. Then the Judge calls many learned Muslims to do ijmaa’ (consensus) to find the solution for the complaining woman. Many learned men give the reason that the case of a husband is very special because his wife, by committing adultery, will add the child of another man to the children from the husband. So his supporting and inheritance will unlawfully go to the child from another man. They forget the fact that an adulterer husband will bring diseases to her. Also such a father becomes very cruel and hard-hearted taking no responsibility of his own children. Then the mother, all alone, will be taking the responsibilities to support all the children and will be facing all the problems.



Now she needs a solution which must be present in the Holy Quraan and / or the Sunnah because these two sources came from Allah all-Mighty to solve all problems of the human beings until the end of this world. Although, the solution doesn’t appear directly in the Qur’aanic verses and the Sunnah, but a thinking mind can reach the solution in these two Divine Sources.


I request the readers to think and try to protect the pious woman from getting flogged and also to help her to get rid of the adulterer husband.
You don’t have to go far away and search in the whole Qur’aan. At present you should think deeply only in the verses given in the post # 8 (Mistakes in understanding the Holy Quraan.) and give an answer to the problem. You have enough time to enjoy your Eid and then give your solution to this problem.

Happy Eid to all of you.

 

[OmAbdullah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Assalaamo-alaykum

No one gave his/her opinion! Sad!

Please read again the translation of the following verses of the surah Al- Noor (An-Noor):


(24:1) This is a surah which We have revealed, and which We have made obligatory; We have revealed in it clear instructions[SUP]1[/SUP] so that you may take heed.


(24:2) The [unmarried] woman or [unmarried] man found guilty of sexual intercourse - lash each one of them with a hundred lashes, and do not be taken by pity for them in the religion of Allah, if you do truly believe in Allah and the Last Day. And let a group of the believers witness their punishment.


(24:3) The fornicator does not marry except a [female] fornicator or polytheist, and none marries her except a fornicator or a polytheist, and that has been made unlawful to the believers.


(24:4) And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient,


(24:5) Except for those who repent thereafter and reform, for indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.


(24:6) And those who accuse their wives [of adultery] and have no witnesses except themselves - then the witness of one of them [shall be] four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the truthful.


(24:7) And the fifth [oath will be] that the curse of Allah be upon him if he is among the liars.


(24:8) And it will prevent punishment from her if she gives four testimonies [swearing] by Allah that indeed, he is of the liars.


(24:9) And the fifth [oath will be] that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he was of the truthful.

************************************************



The verses 6 -7 are applied for helping a husband against his wife because these verses (6—9) were revealed when a Muslim man complained about the crime of adultery committed by his wife. So many scholars have the opinion that these verses are to help a husband only. But you can see that the verse 4;


[(24:4) And those who accuse chaste women and then do not produce four witnesses - lash them with eighty lashes and do not accept from them testimony ever after. And those are the defiantly disobedient,]


was revealed to help female Muslims against the accusation of adultery on them. So this verse was very special to protect the honor of a pious Muslim female. Accordingly, if someone accused a Muslim female with such an accusation then he will be asked by the court to bring four witnesses to prove the accusation. If he fails to bring the witnesses then he will be whipped with 80 lashes in public. Later this verse 4 was also used to protect the honor of a Muslim man. Thus according to this verse, in a Muslim society with an Islamic court system, no one can accuse a Muslim man or a Muslim woman or girl with the crime of adultery. If someone did that then he/she has to prove the accusation with 4 witnesses otherwise, he/she has to suffer the punishment of 80 lashes in public.



If a law that was revealed for the sake of the honor of females extended to protect also the honor of man then why it is not possible to use the law revealed in the verses 6—9 for helping a Muslim wife against her adulterer husband?


Allah Azzah wa Jall is very Just and Allah provided justice laws for both of male and female Muslims. So a pious wife can go to the court to complain against her adulterer husband and decide the case through the Law of Li’aan given in the verses 6—9.


This was an example of the 3[SUP]rd[/SUP] degree of Ijtihaad which is done by using one’s mind. I hope that it is clear now. You must note that that thinking brings the solution from the verses of Qur’aan and/or the Sunnah because Allah has given us great principles in these two sources of guidance. Those principles may be mentioned directly or indirectly but solutions are present for every problem.

 

[OmAbdullah]

An-naasikh wa al-mansookh

These are some other words which usually frighten Muslims to stay away from the understanding of the Holy Quraan. Let us understand these words in the Holy Quraan itself. Allah said in the verse 106 of the Surah Al-Baqarah (its translation is):


(2:106) For whatever verse We might abrogate or consign to oblivion, We bring a better one or the like of it.[SUP]109[/SUP] Are you not aware that Allah is All-Powerful?


Exp. note 109:


109. This is in response to a doubt which the Jews tried to implant in the minds of the Muslims. If both the earlier Scriptures and the Qur'an were revelations from God, why was it - they asked - that the injunctions found in the earlier Scriptures had been replaced by new ones in the Qur'an? How could the same God issue divergent injunctions? Furthermore, they expressed their amazement at the Qur'anic indictment of the Jews and Christians for having allowed part of the revelation to be forgotten and lost, pointing out that it was impossible that Divine revelation should be erased from human memory. In all this, their motive was not to know the truth but to cast doubt on the Divine origin of the Qur'an. In refutation God states that He being the Absolute Sovereign has unlimited authority both to abrogate previous injunctions and to cause people to forget the injunctions He wants them to forget. However, God ensures that whatever He abrogates or causes to be erased from people's memories is replaced by something equally or even more beneficial.
***************************************************************************************************************************



So here we understand that actually the old scriptures like Tawrah, Gospel etc. got abrogated and replaced by the Holy Quraan.


There are some verses in the Holy Quraan which are considered by the scholars to be cancelled for application but these verses are not abrogated, that means that those verses are still present in the Holy Quraan. The example is the verses 180 and 240 of the surah Al-Baqarah. Their translation and exp.notes are given here for your understanding.


Surah Al-Baqarah verse 180 (translation) with the exp. note:



(2:180) It is decreed that when death approaches, those of you who leave behind property shall bequeath equitably to parents and kinsmen. This is an obligation on the God-fearing.[SUP]182[/SUP]


Exp. note 182:


182. This injunction relates to a period of time when no rules had been laid down for the distribution of inheritance. Thus everyone was required to make testamentary disposal of their property so as to ensure that no disputes arose in the family and no legitimate claimant to inheritance was deprived of his due share. Later when God revealed a set of laws regarding the distribution of inheritance see (Qur'an 4: 11 ff.), the Prophet elucidated further the laws relating to testamentary disposition and inheritance by expounding two rules.


First, that no person can make any will regarding his estate in favour of any of his legal heirs. Their portions were laid down in the Qur'an and neither increase nor decrease in this was permissible, nor could any heir be disinherited, nor any thing willed in favor of any heir over and above his legal portion. (See the Tradition: 'There may be no will in favour of the heir.' See Abu Da'ud, 'Al-Wasaya', 6; Tirmidhi, 'Al-Wasaya', 5; Nasa'i, 'Al-Wasaya', 5; Ibn Majah, 'Al-Wasaya', 5 - Ed.)


Second, that testamentary disposition might be made to the extent of one third of the estate, but no more. (See Bukhari, 'Al-Wasaya', 2 and 3; Muslim, 'Al-Wasiyah', 5-10; Abu Da'ud, 'Al-Wasaya', 2 - Ed.)

The purpose underlying these explanatory directives of the Prophet seems to be that at least two-thirds of the estate should be left aside to be distributed among the legal heirs according to the Qur'anic rules, and that a will could be made in respect of the whole or part of the remaining one-third. This could be made in favour of either relatives, whether close or distant, who are not legal heirs, or others not related by the blood-tie but who are deserving of assistance. Likewise, a will could be made in favour of charitable causes which are found worthy of support.

**************************************************************************



Surah Al-Baqarah verse 240 ( translation) and the exp. note:


(2:240) Those of you who die leaving behind your wives[SUP]264[/SUP] should make testament of one year’s provision without expulsion in favour of your wives; and if they themselves depart, there shall be no blame upon you for what they may do with themselves in an honourable manner. Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.


Exp. note (taken from the Ma’aariful-Quraan):


Those women whose husbands died have an iddah (waiting period) of 4 months and 10 days (as came in the verse 234 of this surah). During this period it is obligatory on them to wait and stay in husband’s house and are not allowed to marry, but after the iddah they are allowed to remarry if they want.


In this verse 240 Allah ordered the husbands that (before their death) they should write will for one year’s provision for their widows. So that the widow can live in the house of the deceased husband and use the provision for her needs. But in case she wants to leave and do second marriage in proper way then no one can prevent her from that.This was the Command of Allah to the husbands before the revelation of the Law of Inheritance. When the Inheritance Law came down in the surah Al-Nisaa (An-Nisaa), this command given in the verse 240 (above) was cancelled. So now a widow gets her ordained share in the house, property and all other items of inheritance and uses it for her living.
**************************************************************************************************


Now we see that although, the commands in these two verses ( 182 and240 ) are cancelled but the verses are there in the Holy Quraan. As Allah did not abrogate these two verses, no one could erase them.


Thus you should understand that the words naaskh wa al-mansookh have no difficulty or obstacle in the understanding of the Holy Quraan. Therefore, all Muslims must start understanding the Holy Quraan, establish it and convey its message to all mankind.

 

[OmAbdullah]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم​

The first source of the tafseer (explanation ) of the Holy Quraan is the Quraan itself. So you will find that a verse or a word in one place of the Holy Quraan is explained in another place of the same surah or other surah. Here is an example:

Allah Ta’alaa said in the verses 8 and 9 of the surah Al-Waaqiyah, their translation is;

8. Then the companions of the right - what are the companions of the right?

9. And the companions of the left - what are the companions of the left?

(The words used are As-habul memanah and as-habul mash-amah).

Allah mentioned these two groups of people i.e. the as-habul memanah and the as-habul mash-amah. What are the qualities of these groups of people?

We read shortly the qualities of these groups in the verses 17—19 of the surah Al-Balad. Allah Ta’alaa said:

17. And then being among those who believed and advised one another to patience and advised one another to compassion.

18.Those are the companions of the right (as-haabul memanah).

19. But they who disbelieved in Our signs - those are the companions of the left (as-haabul mash-amah).

*******************************************************************************

Now we know these groups by the qualities mentioned in the verses of the surah Al-Balad. When you will

regularly​

read and understand the Holy Quraan , you will come across further explanation of these words. You will see that the people of the right mean those people who will be given their Books of deeds in their right hands while the people of the left will receive their Books of deeds from behind and in their left hands.

It doesn’t mean that you should search for the meaning of a word at other places in the Holy Quraan. You can read the translation and explanation done by the great scholars. So you should just go on reading. Then you will come across the meaning and gradually you will come to understand the deep meaning of the verses. You will really enjoy it.


You should know that the meanings of the verses of the Holy Quraan are very vast and deep. The example will be given in the next post (insha-Allah).

 

[OmAbdullah]

Here is a beautiful example of the vastness and depth of the verses of the Holy Quraan. Allah Ta’alaa said in the verses 40 and 48 of the surah Hood (surah Hud) (in the story of Nuh alayhi salaam):


Surah Hood (Hud) verse 40 (translation):


(11:40) Thus it was until Our command came to pass and the oven boiled over.[SUP]42[/SUP] We said: 'Take into the Ark a pair of every species; and take your own family except those who have already been declared (as unworthy);[SUP]43[/SUP] and also take everyone who believes.[SUP]44[/SUP] But those who, along with him, had believed were indeed just a few.
*****************************************************************************


Please note the underlined (red) part of the translation. It says that the believers were less in number, i.e. there were not many of the believers.


Surah Hood (Hud) verse 48 (translation):


48. It was said, "O Noah, disembark in security from Us and blessings upon you and upon nations [descending] from those with you. But other nations [of them] We will grant enjoyment; then there will touch them from Us a painful punishment."

**************************************************************


This is the statement of Allah at the end of the wrath on the kaafir nation of Noah alayhi salaam. When the flood drowned everyone and everything, then Allah ordered the heaven to stop raining and also ordered the earth to absorb water. Then slowly and slowly the ark touched the earth and that was at the top of the Judy Mountain. Then Allah ordered the prophet Noah alayhi salaam to disembark from the ark in security.


Here Allah said Salaam and Blessings upon Noah alayhi salaam and upon the nations with him. Then Allah also informed about the other nations for whom there came a warning of painful punishment.


In the brackets there are words from the translators to make it clear. Otherwise, a reader may be surprised that in the verse 40 Allah said that the believers in the Ark were a few / less in number while in verse 48 Allah says that there were nations upon whom Allah sent Salaam and Blessings.

In fact it means that those few Muslims who were saved in the Ark with Noah alayhi salaam were the forefathers of all the future nations/ generations. This also proves that the flood that came on the kaafir nation of NOAH ALAYHI SALAAM had drowned and killed all people of the world except those few Muslims who were saved in the ark. Now we all are the descendants of those few Muslims. The future nations descended from those Muslims would be of two types, Obedient Muslims and disobedient, disbelievers. So Allah Ta’alaa, in advance sent Salaam and Blessings on the Obedient Muslims and warned the disobedient, disbelievers of painful Punishment (in Hell).


Now read the translation of the verses 11---12 of the Surah Al-Haaqah:


(69:11) Verily when the water rose to great heights,[SUP]7[/SUP] We boarded you upon a floating vessel (i.e. the Ark)[SUP]8[/SUP]


(69:12) so that We might make it an instructive event for you, and retentive ears might preserve its memory.[SUP]9[/SUP]
[h=2] ******************************************************[/h][h=2] [/h][h=2]A reader may be surprised thinking about the meaning of the words “that we were boarded in the Ark of Noah Alayhi salaam”. The following explanatory notes will make the meaning clear.[/h][h=2]
Exp. notes 7, 8 and 9: [/h]
7. The illusion is to the deluge of the Prophet Noah (peace be upon him), in which a whole nation was drowned because of this very crime, and only those people were saved, who had listened to and obeyed the Messenger of Allah.


8. We boarded you: Because the whole human race that exists today has descended from the people who were boarded in the Ark thousands of years ago and thus saved from the deluge. It means: You exist in the world today because in that deluge Allah had caused only the infidels to be drowned and had saved the believers.


9. The conscious ears: the ears which may hear it consciously and take it in. Although the word ear has been used, it implies the hearers who may hear the event and always remember it, take heed from it, and may never forget what dreadful fate the deniers of the Hereafter and the disbelievers of the Messenger of God would ultimately suffer.

 

[MazharShafiq]

so informative nd useful thread.