What do me make of the fact that the world we live in is only fruitful because it's given basic scientific constitution is of a very special, very finely-tuned character. You can shrug your shoulders and say, 'Well, that's just the way it happens to be. We're here because we're here and that's it'. That doesn't seem to me to be a very rational approach to the issue. Imagine the following story. You are about to be executed. Your eyes are bandaged and you are tied to the stake. Twelve highly-trained sharp shooters have their rifles levelled at your heart. They pull the trigger, the shots ring out - you've survived! What do you do? Do you shrug your shoulders and say, 'Well, that's the way it is. No need to seek and explanation of this. That's just the way it is'. That's surely not a rational response to what's going on. I think that there are only two rational explanations of that amazing incident. One is this. Many, many, many executions are taking place today and just by luck you happen to be the one in which they all miss. That's the rational explanation. The other explanation, is, of course, that the sharp shooters are on your side and they missed by choice. In other words there was a purpose at work of which you were unaware.
I could probably think of a few more rational responses, but they are the two main ones people adopt.
The question is how do you distinguish one from the other?
You see how that parable translates into thinking about a finely-tuned and fruitful universe. One possibility is that maybe there are lots and lots of different universes, all with different given physical laws and circumstances. If there were lots and lots of them (and there would really have to be rather a lot) then just by chance, in one of them, the laws and circumstances will be such as to permit the development of carbon-based life. But, of course, that's the one in which we live, because we couldn't appear anywhere else.
This seems a viable option although only one universe may have been created it just so happens that it contains us. Different Universes might have created different forms of life, or not, but they may not have been created.
The other possibility that there is more going on than has met the eye and the sharp shooters are on our side. That translates into the idea that this is not just any old universe. Rather it is a universe which is a creation which has been endowed by its Creator with just those finely-tuned given laws and circumstances that will make its history fruitful. It is the fulfilment of a purpose.
Well there is that possibility. Except you would still have to go from a Creator to your specific Creator. The question is whether there is any reason to think that the shooters are on our side. I suggest there is no reason to prefer this view to the other view and considerable reason to think that God, if He exists, did not leave any traces of His existence in the Universe.
Each created thing is allowed to behave in accordance with kits nature, including the due regularities which may be a part of its nature.
Except that God created each thing with its own nature. How can a tiger be blamed for being a tiger? It does what it does. To take a bizarre example, someone found a case of homosexual necrophilia among mallard ducks (and won an Ignobel prize for it). That is not, surely, sinful among ducks because God created them the way they are and they can do nothing else. The question is whether by creating us as we are and the circumstances in which we find ourselves, do we have meaningful free-will? I would say if you assume an All-Powerful, All-Knowing God who already knows the outcomes of all our actions, obviously not.
God no more expressly wills the growth of a cancer than he expressly wills the act of a murderer, but he allows both to happen. He is not the puppet master of either people or matter.
God manifestly does will the growth of cancer - it is a natural process after all. Perhaps He does not expressly will murder, but He knows it is going to happen and He creates the circumstances that lead up to it.
There is a Hadith which address these issues eschatologicaly which I'll dig out if you are interested. For me it is the best solution to the problem of theodicy I have read anywhere. Let me know if you are interestedI don't knoe about Joe but I am.