I will add, in response to the following statement:
Pygoscelis said:
We no longer [...] keep an entire gender subdued.
How ironic that the world's largest women-only university was opened in Saudi Arabia in 2011. Situated on the outskirts of the capital, Riyadh, the Princess Nora bint Abdulrahman University has the capacity for 50,000 students. An article in the guardian reports that
more young Muslim women have been gaining degrees at British universities than Muslim men, even though they have been under-represented for decades.
This is of little surprise, when we consider the central role that Muslim women have played in preserving Islamic teaching. Within the bounds of modesty in dress and manners, women routinely attended and gave classes in the major mosques and madrasas, transmitted and critiqued hadith and issued fatwas. Some of the most renowned scholars among men have depended on, and praised, the scholarship of their women teachers. The women scholars enjoyed considerable public authority in society, not exceptionally, but as the norm. If we look into the biographical works written about the scholars, such as al-Dhahabi’s encyclopedic Siyar A`lam al-Nubala’, we find the biographies of many women mentioned for every era of Islamic history.
Here are just a few of the notable scholars from various eras:
Mu`âdhah al-`Adawiyyah (d. 83 AH). One of the scholars and reliable narrators from the generation of the Successors (the students of the Companions). She related from `Alî b. Abî Tâlib, `A’ishah, and Hishâm b. `Amir.
`Amrah bint `Abd al-Rahman b. Sa`d al-Ansârîyyah (d. 98 AH). She was a Successor and one of the prominent students of `A’ishah. She also learned from the Companions Umm Salamah and Râfi` b Khadîj. She was one of the important legal scholars of Madinah from the generation of the Successors.
Hafsah bint Sîrîn al-Ansâriyyah (died after 100 AH). She was a student of Umm `Atiyyah, Anas b. Mâlik, and other Companions. She was also one of the legal scholars from the generation of the Successors. Qatâdah was among her students.
Amah al-Wâhid bint al-Mahâmilî (d. 377 AH). She was a noted jurist of the Shâfî’î school of law and a muftî in Baghdad.
Karîmah bint Ahmad al-Marwaziyyah (d. 463 AH). She was one of the most important narrators of Sahîh al-Bukhârî and had many prominent students, including al-Khatîb al-Baghdâdî.
Zaynab bint `Abd al-Rahmân b. al-Hasan b. Ahmad b. Sahl al-Jurjâniyyâh (d. 615 AH). She was a prominent scholar of Khorasan. She was one of the students of the famous language scholar al-Zamakhsharî from whom she received an academic degree.
Yâsamîn bint Sâlim al-Harîmiyyah (d. 634 AH). She was a scholar of hadîth. Ibn Bulbân was one of her most prominent students.
Zaynab bint Makkî b. `Alî b. Kâmil al-Harrâniyyah (d. 688 AH). She was a prominent scholar from Damascus and a teacher of Ibn Taymiyah, the famous hadîth scholar al-Mizzî (the author of Tahdhîb al-Kamâl), and many others.
Zaynab bint `Umar b. Kindî b. Sa`îd al-Dimashqiyyah (d. 699 AH). She was also one of the teachers of the famous hadîth scholar al-Mizzî.
Khadîjah bint `Abd al-Rahmân al-Maqdisiyyah (d.701). She was a scholar and writer, a student of Ibn al-Zabîdî and others. She was also one of the teachers of the famous hadîth scholar al-Mizzî.
Zaynab bint Sulaymân b. Ibrâhîm b. Rahmah al-As`ardî (d. 705 AH). She was one of al-Subkî’s and al-Dhahabî’s teachers. She had heard al-Sahîh from Ibn al-Zabîdî.
Fâtimah bint Ibrâhim al-Ba`lî (d. 711 AH). She was also a student of Ibn al-Zabîdî and a teacher of Ibn al-Subkî and many others.
Fâtimah bint `Abbâs b. Abî al-Fath al-Hanbaliyyah (d. 714 AH). She was a prominent Hanbalî legal scholar and muftî, first in Damascus and then in Cairo.
Let us not forget that it was a woman who was the first to embrace Islam, Khadeejah bint Khuwaylid :raha:, a woman who reached a high level and an exalted position amongst the Muslims. Let us not forget that it was a woman who was amongst the most prolific narrators of Hadith, Aisha bint Abubakr :raha:. The number of Hadith attributed to her authority reaches over two thousand. She was also a distinguished jurist - an encyclopedic work on her juristic views was compiled which covers some 767 pages. Let us also not forget than an entire chapter of the Qur'an is named after Women, a chapter containing 176 verses. It delineates the rights of women and specifies their rights regarding inheritance, income and marriage. Not only this, but the Qur'an contains another chapter named after one of the most respected women in Islam, Maryam (alayha-salam), mother of Prophet Isa :as:. Her impeccable character is a role model for all. Allah :swt: raised her status and chose her from among the women of the entire world. Indeed, many verses and many Ahadeeth clarified her great status.
In this current age, where the honour and dignity of women is suffering to greater and greater extremes, the growing trend of western women choosing to convert to Islam speaks for itself.