What is Jihaad?

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Ansar Al-'Adl said:
:sl: Preacher,
The footnote in question is actually:
Bukhari: Jihad (holy fighting) in God's Cause (with full force of weaponry) is given the utmost importance in Islam and is one of its Pillars. By Jihad Islam is established, God is made superior and He becomes the only God who may be worshiped. By Jihad Islam is propagated and made superior. By abandoning Jihad (may God protect us from that) Islam is destroyed and Muslims fall into an inferior position. Their honor is lost, their lands are stolen, and Muslim rule and authority vanish. Jihad is an obligatory duty in Islam on every Muslim. He who tries to escape this duty dies as a hypocrite.​

In the translation published by Darussalam, (Muhammad Muhsin Khan), one will find this footnote in volume 4, on page 44 - the beginning of the section on Jihad.

:w:
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:sl: Ansar Al-'Adl

The original Hadith in orignal language (Arabic) with complete chain of narrators reads:
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيُّ أَنَّ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَدَّثَهُ قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَفْضَلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مُؤْمِنٌ يُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ قَالُوا ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ مُؤْمِنٌ فِي شِعْبٍ مِنْ الشِّعَابِ يَتَّقِي اللَّهَ وَيَدَعُ النَّاسَ مِنْ شَرِّهِ​

شَرِّهِ This is the last word above= mischief.

Explanation of this Hadith is as follows:
قَوْله : ( قِيلَ يَا رَسُول اللَّه ) لَمْ أَقِف عَلَى اِسْمه , وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ أَنَّ أَبَا ذَرّ سَأَلَهُ عَنْ نَحْو ذَلِكَ . قَوْله : ( أَيّ النَّاس أَفْضَل ) فِي رِوَايَة مَالِك مِنْ طَرِيق عَطَاء بْن يَسَار مُرْسَلًا , وَوَصَلَهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْن حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيق إِسْمَاعِيل بْن عَبْد الرَّحْمَن عَنْ عَطَاء بْن يَسَار عَنْ اِبْن عَبَّاس " خَيْر النَّاس مَنْزِلًا " وَفِي رِوَايَة لِلْحَاكِمِ " أَيّ النَّاس أَكْمَلُ إِيمَانًا " وَكَأَنَّ الْمُرَاد بِالْمُؤْمِنِ مَنْ قَامَ بِمَا تَعَيَّنَ عَلَيْهِ الْقِيَام بِهِ ثُمَّ حَصَّلَ هَذِهِ الْفَضِيلَة , وَلَيْسَ الْمُرَاد مَنْ اِقْتَصَرَ عَلَى الْجِهَاد وَأَهْمَلَ الْوَاجِبَات الْعَيْنِيَّة , وَحِينَئِذٍ فَيَظْهَر فَضْل الْمُجَاهِد لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ بَذْل نَفْسه وَمَاله لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى , وَلِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ النَّفْع الْمُتَعَدِّي , وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِن الْمُعْتَزِل يَتْلُوهُ فِي الْفَضِيلَة لِأَنَّ الَّذِي يُخَالِط النَّاس لَا يَسْلَم مِنْ اِرْتِكَاب الْآثَام فَقَدْ لَا يَفِي هَذَا بِهَذَا , وَهُوَ مُقَيَّد بِوُقُوعِ الْفِتَن . قَوْله : ( مُؤْمِن فِي شِعْب ) فِي رِوَايَة مُسْلِم مِنْ طَرِيق مَعْمَر عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ " رَجُل مُعْتَزِل " . قَوْله : ( يَتَّقِي اللَّه ) فِي رِوَايَة مُسْلِم مِنْ طَرِيق الزُّبَيْدِيّ عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ " يَعْبُد اللَّه " وَفِي حَدِيث اِبْن عَبَّاس " مُعْتَزِل فِي شِعْب يُقِيم الصَّلَاة وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاة وَيَعْتَزِل شُرُور النَّاس " وَلِلتِّرْمِذِيِّ وَحَسَّنَهُ وَالْحَاكِم وَصَحَّحَهُ مِنْ طَرِيق اِبْن أَبِي ذِئَاب عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَة " أَنَّ رَجُلًا مَرَّ بِشِعْبٍ فِيهِ عَيْن عَذْبَة , فَأَعْجَبَهُ فَقَالَ : لَوْ اِعْتَزَلْت , ثُمَّ اِسْتَأْذَنَ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : لَا تَفْعَل , فَإِنَّ مَقَام أَحَدكُمْ فِي سَبِيل اللَّه أَفْضَل مِنْ صَلَاته فِي بَيْته سَبْعِينَ عَامًا " وَفِي الْحَدِيث فَضْل الِانْفِرَاد لِمَا فِيهِ مِنْ السَّلَامَة مِنْ الْغِيبَة وَاللَّغْو وَنَحْو ذَلِكَ , وَأَمَّا اِعْتِزَال النَّاس أَصْلًا فَقَالَ الْجُمْهُور : مَحَلّ ذَلِكَ عِنْد وُقُوع الْفِتَن كَمَا سَيَأْتِي بَسْطه فِي كِتَاب الْفِتَن , وَيُؤَيِّد ذَلِكَ رِوَايَة بَعَجَة بْن عَبْد اللَّه عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَة مَرْفُوعًا " يَأْتِي عَلَى النَّاس زَمَان يَكُون خَيْر النَّاس فِيهِ مَنْزِلَة مَنْ أَخَذَ بِعِنَانِ فَرَسه فِي سَبِيل اللَّه يَطْلُب الْمَوْت فِي مَظَانّه , وَرَجُل فِي شِعْب مِنْ هَذِهِ الشِّعَاب يُقِيم الصَّلَاة وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاة وَيَدْعُ النَّاس إِلَّا مِنْ خَيْر " أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِم وَابْن حِبَّانَ مِنْ طَرِيق أُسَامَة بْن زَيْد اللَّيْثِيّ عَنْ بَعَجَة , وَهُوَ بِمُوَحَّدَةٍ وَجِيم مَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ بَيْنهمَا مُهْمَلَة سَاكِنَة , قَالَ اِبْن عَبْد الْبَرّ : إِنَّمَا أَوْرَدْت هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيث بِذِكْرِ الشِّعْب وَالْجَبَل لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ فِي الْأَغْلَب يَكُون خَالِيًا مِنْ النَّاس , فَكُلّ مَوْضِع يَبْعُد عَلَى النَّاس فَهُوَ دَاخِل فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى .​

Classification of this Hadith is: Marfu Hadith

The English translation of the Hadith with other details is as follows:

2-CHAPTER: The best among the people is that believer who strives his utmost in Allah's cause with both his life and property
And the Statement of Allah (the Exalted and Almighty) O you who believe! Shall I lead you to a bargain that will save you from a grievous punishment? That you believe in Allah and His Apostle and that your strive (your utmost) in the Cause of Allah with your property and life: That will be the best for you if you but knew! He will forgive. Yours sins, and admit you to gardens beneath which rivers flow, and to beautiful mansions in Gardens of Eternity: that is indeed the supreme achievement..» ( Qur'an 61: 10),

[2786] Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: «Somebody asked: «O Allah's Apostle! Who is the best among the people?»

Allah's Apostle (the blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) replied: «A believer who strives his utmost in Allah's Cause with his life and property». They asked: «Who is next?» He replied: «A believer who stays in one of the mountain paths worshipping Allah and leaving the people secure from his mischief»..

The parts of this hadith is in:6494.
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The foonote in the explanation/Asbabul Hadith, which you have quoted. It is not the part of Hadith per se, neither it is Bukhari's footnote. I have checked it from three different authentic sources and cross references.

Gist
In Islam war is waged to establish supremacy of the Lord only when every other argument has failed to convince those who reject His Will and work against the every purpose of the creation of mankind.


In Muhsin Khan's Original Bukhari, the reference is 4/45. p. 580-581.

I hope insha Allah, ths will clear things up for you. I have also checked it from Original Bukhari and Muhsin Khan's translation (Arabic English). Muhsin Khan has elaborated the last word in the Hadith with this footnote. That above I have made red, large bold underlined, about which you have inquired (your quote).

Regards
 
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ive got another question regarding jihad under what pretext did sheikh abdul wahab launch war along with ibn saud against the mushriks. was it the fact they were just mushriks or was it fact that they attacked the true muslims first?
 
:sl: Preacher,
So I think its safe to say in my article that this footnote is that of Muhammad Muhsin Khan, the translator. JazakAllah khair.

:sl: Abubakr,
With regards to Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab, please read our sectarian articles, and read here as well. He fought them because they indulged in grave worship, etc.

:w:
 
With regards to Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahhab, please read our sectarian articles, and read here as well. He fought them because they indulged in grave worship, etc.
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so brother is it permissable to fight those people who do shirk such as grave worship and other acts.
 
:sl:
If there is an Islamic state, and the people are Muslims yet they are trying to comprimise their religion, then the situation becomes similar to Abu Bakr rd and the Riddah wars, so yes it would be permissible, in my opinion, as it becomes an issue of law enforcement, not military invasion.

:w:
 
Ansar Al-'Adl said:
:sl: Preacher,
So I think its safe to say in my article that this footnote is that of Muhammad Muhsin Khan, the translator. JazakAllah khair.

:w:
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:sl: Ansar Al-'Adl

Yes, indeed the footnote is of the translator i.e. Dr. Mushin Khan that you can cite without any concern, insha Allah.

I checked origninal Bukhari in Arabic in two seperate hard copies by two different publishers.
I checked Fath-AlBari
I then checked another Hadith Encylopedia
Finally, I checked Dr. Mushin Khan's English translation with Arabic of "Original Bukahri.

The footnote indeed is by Dr. Muhsin Khan.

Regards
 
Ansar Al-'Adl said:
:sl:
JazakAllah khair for your help, br. Preacher. :) It is greatly appreciated.

If you have free-time maybe you clould help me locate some commentary on the ahadith I have cited as well as the following from Bukhari:

Volume 4, Book 52, Number 73:
Narrated 'Abdullah bin Abi Aufa:
Allah's Apostle said, "Know that Paradise is under the shades of swords."
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:sl: Ansar Al-'Adl

First, all the Ahadith (database/s) on Internet be it at Islamic website like MSA or else have many errors and are in incomplete, incorrect and does not carry complete Ahadith. The best and correct translation of the above Hadith is as follows:
Al-Mughira bin Shu'ba narrated: «Our Prophet (the blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) told us about the message of our Lord ... .that who amongst us is killed will go to Paradise» 'Umar asked the Prophet. It is not true that our men who are killed will go to Paradise and their's (i.e. those of the Pagan's) will go to the (Hell) fire?» The Prophet said: «Yes».

[2818] 'Abdullah bin Abi Aufa (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: «Allah's Apostle (the blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) said: «Know that Paradise is under the shades of swords».

The parts of this hadith are in: 2833, 2966, 3024, 7237.
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Notice the phrase in the Hadith: "told us about the message of our Lord."
Thus, to understand the meaming and message of the above Hadith, we can refer to all those Ayat in the Qur'an that talks about the reward and status of those who fight in the cause of Allah and are killed in the fight/s. For example we read in Qur'an 49:15,
Only those are the believers who have believed in Allah and His Messenger, and afterward doubt not but strive with their wealth and their lives for the Cause of Allah. Those! They are the truthful.
Also
And whoso obeys Allah and the Messenger (Muhammad SAW), then they will be in the company of those on whom Allah has bestowed His Grace, of the Prophets, the Siddiqoon (those followers of the Prophets who were first and foremost to believe in them, like Abu Bakr AsSiddiq, the martyrs, and the righteous. And how excellent these companions are! (Chapter #4, Verse #69)

And say not of those who are killed in the Way of Allah, "They are dead." Nay, they are living, but you perceive (it) not. (Chapter #2, Verse #154)

And if you are killed or die in the Way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all that they amass (of worldly wealths, etc.). (Chapter #3, Verse #157)

Think not of those who are killed in the Way of Allah as dead. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision. (Chapter #3, Verse #169)

There are many more Ayat on the same theme.
Ansar Al-'Adl said:
Volume 4, Book 52, Number 259
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle sent us in a mission (i.e. am army-unit) and said, "If you find so-and-so and so-and-so, burn both of them with fire." When we intended to depart, Allah's Apostle said, "I have ordered you to burn so-and-so and so-and-so, and it is none but Allah Who punishes with fire, so, if you find them, kill them."

I was wondering who that was referring to.

JazakAllah khair.

:w:
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[3016] Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: «That Allah's Apostle (the blessing and peace of Allah be upon him) sent us in a mission (i.e. Sariya). He said: «If you find so-and-so and so-and-so, burn both of them with fire». When we intended to depart, Allah's Apostle said: «I have ordered you to burn so-and-so and so-and-so, and it is no one but Allah Who punishes with fire, so, if you find them, kill them.».

The above Hadith is a classic evidence of Prophethood, Wahi Ghayr-Matluw (which is not recited){Qur'an is Wahi Matluw, which is recited) and a proof that Allah has frequently talked/spoken to Prophet Muhammad (saw). The first order was to burn some one and then it was modified by retracting the method of punishment and changing it to "kill them" (so the objective and command remained the same but the method to acheive the objective was modified through the Wahi Ghayr-Matluw), since it is Allah's attribute as "Qahir" and punishment for evil people to put them in eternal Hellfire. A unique quality of Qur'an and Sunnah is that the commands in both may be for specific reason, occasion but their implication is universal and indefinite and they are always good with time.

It is like the changing the Qibla (See Quran 2:144)
Verily! We have seen the turning of your (Muhammads SAW) face towards the heaven. Surely, We shall turn you to a Qiblah (prayer direction) that shall please you, so turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid- al-Haram (at Makkah). And wheresoever you people are, turn your faces (in prayer) in that direction. Certainly, the people who were given the Scriptures (i.e. Jews and the Christians) know well that, that (your turning towards the direction of the Kabah at Makkah in prayers) is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do.
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This Ayah confirms that Muslims were facing Jerusalem before this Ayah was revealed since day one of Islam and then Allah changed the Qibla. It also confirms that Messenger of Allah also know and wanted that. But the command to face "Jerusalem" is not found in the Qur'an. Again, it was through the Wahi Ghayr-Matluw, which commanded Messenger of Allah to face Jerusalem in Prayers or while praying, until it was changed by Ayah 2:144

Brother, please note that these are very detailed and comprehensive topics and cannot be summed up in my posts. However, I try to make them as brief and as simple I can. Any typo or mistake in conveying the truth are mine, but the theme, thought, message and reasons are authentic and can be explored further using authentic sources.

I hope that it clears up things for you.

Regards
 
Content

Introduction
Verse 1: "Fighting is ordained for you..." (2:216)
Verse 2: "Not equal are those who sit at home..." (4:95)
Verse 3: "Among the believers are men having fulfilled their covenant..." (33:23)
Verse 4: "When you meet the infidels, smite their necks..." (47:4)
Verse 5: "There is no blame on those who are old..." (9:91)
Verse 6: "Slay them wherever you catch them..." (2:191)
Verse 7: "But if they turn away, catch and slaughter them..." (4:89)
Verse 8: "Fight the pagans wherever you see them..." (9:5)
Abrogated?
Verse 9: "They ask you about fighting in the holy month..." (2:217-218)
Verses 10: "Fight in God's cause..." (2:244) & (4:76)
Verse 11: "Fight those who believe not in God..." (9:29)
Similar Narration: "I have been ordered to fight..."
Verse 12: "Ruthless to the disbelievers..." (5:54) & (48:29)
Verses 13: "I will instill terror into the hearts..." (8:12-13)
Verse 14: "The punishment for those who wage war..." (5:33)
Simmilar Narration: "A group from the Ukil/Urayna tribe..."
Verse 15: "Take not the Jews and Christians as friends..." (5:51)
Misquoted Narrations
Narration 1: "such a deed as equals Jihad..."
Narration 2: "There is no migration now, only Jihad..."
Narration 3: "Paradise is under the shade of swords..."
Narration 4: "...I am bringing you slaughter!"
Narration 5: "I have been made victorious with terror..."
Conclusion

:w:
 
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