Belief or unbelief in a afterlife don't really act as paralimiters to an individuals behaviour. When it could be the scenario of an individual's personal convictions that he strives to be a moral as he can. He could learn from his past experiences, his witness of other's experiences (both of personal detriment and profit) and his own reflection. Having said this, does an Atheist who does good deeds, thinks good thoughts and doesn't believe in an afterlife deserve to be judged harshly? Assumably all are to be judged equally, and so therefore all are equal. There will be no discrimination is matter of judgement. So, we should better reflect this wisdom and treat each other fairly, for the measure we judge others will be measured against us. Considering reading Deuteronmy 1:9-18 and Matthew 7:1-2.
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The laws of our government are just worldy annoyances! If I could get away with it, then Book of Proverbs would be the issue of justice!