Conspiracy -
Conspiracy (civil), an agreement between people to deceive, mislead, or defraud others of their legal rights or to gain an unfair advantage
Conspiracy (criminal), an agreement between people to break the law in the future, in some cases having committed an act to further that agreement
Conspiracy (political), an agreement between people with the goal of gaining political power or meeting a political objective
Hub-and-spoke conspiracy, a conspiracy in which one or more principal conspirators (the "hub") enter into several similar agreements with others (the "spokes") who know concerted action is contemplated, usually where the success of the concerted action depends on the participation of the other spokes
Theory - Theory*is a*contemplative*and*rationaltype of*abstract*or generalizing thinking, or the results of such thinking. Depending on the context, the results might for example include generalized explanations of how*nature*works. The word has its roots in*ancient Greek, but in modern use it has taken on several different related meanings.A theory can be*normative*(or prescriptive),[1][page*needed]*meaning a postulation about what ought to be. It provides "goals, norms, and standards". A theory can be a*body of knowledge, which may or may not be associated with particular explanatory models. To theorize is to develop this body of knowledge.[2]:46As already in Aristotle's definitions, theory is very often contrasted to "practice" (from Greek*praxis, πρᾶξις) a Greek term for "doing", which is opposed to theory because pure theory involves no doing apart from itself. A classical example of the distinction between "theoretical" and "practical" uses the discipline of medicine:*medical theory*involves trying to understand the*causes*and nature of health and sickness, while the practical side of medicine is trying to make people healthy. These two things are related but can be independent, because it is possible to research health and sickness without curing specific patients, and it is possible to cure a patient without knowing how the cure worked.[3]In modern*science, the term "theory" refers to*scientific theories, a well-confirmed type of explanation of*nature, made in a way*consistent*with*scientific method, and fulfilling the*criteriarequired by*modern science. Such theories are described in such a way that any scientist in the field is in a position to understand and either provide*empirical*support ("verify") or empirically contradict ("falsify") it. Scientific theories are the most reliable, rigorous, and comprehensive form of scientific knowledge,[4]*in contrast to more common uses of the word "theory" that imply that something is unproven or speculative (which is better characterized by the word 'hypothesis').[5]*Scientific theories are distinguished from*hypotheses, which are individual empirically testable*conjectures, and*scientific laws, which are descriptive accounts of how nature will behave under certain conditions.
Operation northwoods:
Operation Northwoods*was a proposed*false flag*operation against the Cuban government, that originated within the*Department of Defense*(DoD) and the*Joint Chiefs of Staff*(JCS) of the*United States government*in 1962. The proposals called for the*Central Intelligence Agency*(CIA) or other*U.S. government*operatives to commit acts of terrorism against American civilians and military targets, blaming it on the Cuban government, and using it to justify a war against Cuba. The proposals were rejected by the*Kennedy administration.
At the time of the proposal, communists led by*Fidel Castro*had recently taken power in Cuba. The operation proposed creating public support for a war against Cuba by blaming it for terrorist acts that would actually be perpetrated by the US Government.
*To this end, Operation Northwoods proposals recommended hijackings and*bombingsfollowed by the introduction of phony evidence that would implicate the Cuban government. It stated:
The desired resultant from the execution of this plan would be to place the United States in the apparent position of suffering defensible grievances from a rash and irresponsible government of Cuba and to develop an international image of a Cuban threat to peace in the Western Hemisphere.
Several other proposals were included within Operation Northwoods, including real or simulated actions against various*US military*and civilian targets. The operation recommended developing a "Communist Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities and even in Washington".
The plan was drafted by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, signed by Chairman*Lyman Lemnitzer*and sent to the*Secretary of Defense. Although part of the US government's anti-communist*Cuban Project, Operation Northwoods was never officially accepted; it was authorized by the Joint Chiefs of Staff, but then rejected by President*John F. Kennedy. According to currently released documentation, none of the operations became active under the auspices of the Operation Northwoods proposals.
1.*Allah has indeed heard (and accepted) the statement of the woman who pleads with thee concerning her husband and carries her complaint (in prayer) to Allah. and Allah (always) hears the arguments between both sides among you: for Allah hears and sees (all things).
2.*If any men among you divorce their wives by Zihar (calling them mothers), they cannot be their mothers: None can be their mothers except those who gave them birth. And in fact they use words (both) iniquitous and false: but truly Allah is one that blots out (sins), and forgives (again and again).
3.*But those who divorce their wives by Zihar, then wish to go back on the words they uttered,- (It is ordained that such a one) should free a slave before they touch each other: Thus are ye admonished to perform: and Allah is well-acquainted with (all) that ye do.
4.*And if any has not (the wherewithal), he should fast for two months consecutively before they touch each other. But if any is unable to do so, he should feed sixty indigent ones, this, that ye may show your faith in Allah and His Messenger. Those are limits (set by) Allah. For those who reject (Him), there is a grievous Penalty.
5.*Those who resist Allah and His Messenger will be humbled to dust, as were those before them: for We have already sent down Clear Signs. And the Unbelievers (will have) a humiliating Penalty,
6.*On the Day that Allah will raise them all up (again) and show them the Truth (and meaning) of their conduct. Allah has reckoned its (value), though they may have forgotten it, for Allah is Witness to all things.
7.*Seest thou not that Allah doth know (all) that is in the heavens and on earth? There is not a conspiracy between three, but He makes the fourth among them, - Nor between five but He makes the sixth,- nor between fewer nor more, but He is in their midst, wheresoever they be: In the end will He tell them the truth of their conduct, on the Day of Judgment. For Allah has full knowledge of all things.
8.*Turnest thou not thy sight towards those who were forbidden to engage in conspiracy yet revert to that which they were forbidden (to do)? And they hold conspiracies among themselves for iniquity and hostility, and disobedience to the Messenger. And when they come to thee, they salute thee, not as Allah salutes thee, (but in crooked ways): And they say to themselves, "Why does not Allah punish us for our words?" Enough for them is Hell: In it will they burn, and evil is that destination!
9.*O ye who believe! When ye hold conspiracy, do it not for iniquity and hostility, and disobedience to the Prophet; but do it for righteousness and self- restraint; and fear Allah, to Whom ye shall be brought back.
10.*Conspiracies are only (inspired) by the Evil One in order that he may cause grief to the Believers; but he cannot harm them in the least, except as Allah permits; and on Allah let the Believers put their trust.[/b]
11.*O ye who believe! When ye are told to make room in the assemblies, (spread out and) make room: (ample) room will Allah provide for you. And when ye are told to rise up, rise up Allah will rise up, to (suitable) ranks (and degrees), those of you who believe and who have been granted Knowledge. And Allah is well- acquainted with all ye do.
12.*O ye who believe! When ye consult the Messenger in private, spend something in charity before your private consultation. That will be best for you, and most conducive to purity (of conduct). But if ye find not (the wherewithal), Allah is Oft- Forgiving, Most Merciful.
13.*Is it that ye are afraid of spending sums in charity before your private consultation (with him)? If, then, ye do not so, and Allah forgives you, then (at least) establish regular prayer; practise regular charity; and obey Allah and His Messenger. And Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do.
14.*Turnest thou not thy attention to those who turn (in friendship) to such as have the Wrath of Allah upon them? They are neither of you nor of them, and they swear to falsehood knowingly.
15.*Allah has prepared for them a severe Penalty: evil indeed are their deeds.
16.*They have made their oaths a screen (for their misdeeds): thus they obstruct from the Path of Allah. therefore shall they have a humiliating Penalty.
17.*Of no profit whatever to them, against Allah, will be their riches nor their sons: they will be Companions of the Fire, to dwell therein (for aye)!
18.*One day will Allah raise them all up (for Judgment): then will they swear to Him as they swear to you: And they think that they have something (to stand upon). Is it not definitely they that are liars!
19.*The Evil One has got the better of them: so he has made them lose the remembrance of Allah. They are the Party of the Evil One. Truly, it is the Party of the Evil One that are losers!
20.*Those who resist Allah and His Messenger will be among those most humiliated.
21.*Allah has decreed: "It is I and My messengers who must prevail": For Allah is One full of strength, able to enforce His Will.
22.*Thou wilt not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day, loving those who resist Allah and His Messenger, even though they were their fathers or their sons, or their brothers, or their kindred. For such He has written Faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with a spirit from Himself. And He will admit them to Gardens beneath which Rivers flow, to dwell therein (for ever). Allah will be well pleased with them, and they with Him. They are the Party of Allah. Truly it is the Party of Allah that will achieve success
