This is daft. He has zero insight into atheist/agnostic thinking and can't be bothered to try.
It's not some kind of calculation just to get yourself off the hook. You either believe or you don't. I can't help myself from not believing in any organised religion I've been exposed to. If I live in a stricter society, I'd probably lie and say I was a believer. I'll bet there are any number of people in Muslim countries who do exactly that, for the sake of an easier life. I don't blame them.
From what I have seen I am not convinced that religious followers are any better morally than agnostics or atheists. They are certainly differently moral - there are things which are forbidden by Islam which are ok in Christianity, and things that are disapproved of by Christianity which are ok by secular people.
But much of the basic stuff is the same the world over. No killing, no stealing etc.
I don't think that 'no religion' leads automatically to 'uncontrolled self interest' and I think the evidence backs me. (You could also read 'The Roads to Freedom' by Jean Paul Sartre, which portrays a character for whom atheism seems to lead to even greater moral angst and pressure. This character has no God to tell him what to do. Instead of freeing him to do what he wants he finds making moral judgements even harder, because he has to work it out each time for himself.)
In almost every area, poor countries suffer the most from natural disasters and disease. I know theologians have come up with arguments to explain that, but I don't agree.
One day there will be a big earthquake in San Francisco. Quite possibly it will be very soon. Is that divine judgement, or is it because the city sits on the San Andreas fault? Again, there is a famous book by another Frenchman, Voltaire, called 'Candide' which talks about the catastrophic 1755 Lisbon earthquake and satirises this kind of divine fatalism.
There probably are some people who outwardly act as Muslims but inwardly believe something else. They are referred to as hypocrites. Maybe they do that to avoid the pressure of society more than anything. But they are the minority.
From what I have seen I am not convinced that religious followers are any better morally than agnostics or atheists.
I disagree here. You might think I'm biased here but I've been around people of many different backgrounds and faiths and for me Muslims stand out morally. They are not perfect by any means but the difference with them is that they have a sense of awareness of God's laws and try to correct themselves regularly. This is more amongst the practising community. It is less among non practising Muslims but nevertheless even many of this category still have great respect for religion even if they do not lead a religious life.
Yes, most religions have the same themes but when it comes to the details they differ greatly.
Like for e.g. The Concept of The Creator, who He is, His Attributes. There is a big difference on this topic among different religions. I feel the Muslim belief offers the clearest picture as to who The Creator is and what the boundaries are in discussing His essence.
Also re: The Afterlife. There is a big difference in this area. In the Muslim belief, there is complete justice offered in The Next Life. Whatever good you did in this life, will be multiplied 10-600 times. Any evil will be recompensed just 1 time. The Mercy of Allaah will be 99 times greater on Judgement Day than all of the mercy shown in this lifetime etc.
Then there's Paradise and The Hellfire - Paradise is a very strong motivator to do good. The promise of eternal peace, happiness and relaxation. It is enough as a motivator to make change people for the better. Similarly The Hellfire is strong deterrent for those who commit evil and reject the signs of Allaah in this lifetime. Just the thought of it, is enough to prevent people from living a life of sin.
Then there's dealings with people - What rights people have against each other. Islam has a whole system for this. No other religion offers a complete system. Yes I'll admit, Muslims are human and are far from the ideal picture but at least there's a systematic framework to follow. No other religion offers such a detailed system.
These are just a few points.
I cannot explain why natural disasters affect poor people. In such cases we are required to just accept it as being The Divine Will at work. He does whatever He wills without having to give us an explanation for everything.