Zulkiflim,
do not present me with the Catholic version of the Old testament, and its Latin translation. That won't get you anywhere when debating Judaism. So take away the misquoted Old Testament interpretations of newadvent.com
Now since we the fact that you are presenting the Catholic version of the Old Testement to a Jew, lets explore what you are asking.
You are asking why must there be a Temple on the Temple mount?
It says in the Torah that the Jews must build the temple where G-d shows us… G-d showed us the Temple mount.
In many of the books of the Tanakh it shows where the temple must be built, and the strict requirements on how to build it.
Now about the Ark. The Temple requires the Ark to be present for the third temple. The Messiah (moshiakh) will know exactly where it was hidden though.
First off does Islam accept the Torah as the word of G-d? No.
Does Islam follow the Torah's laws and teachings? No.
Right there that means Islam is not the ''follow up' of Judaism.
Muhammad did not qualify by Judaism and the Torah to be a prophet. He did not fufil the specific requirements to be a prophet. So he decided the Torah was wrong, not him.
No prophet no matter what can ever say that the Torah is irrelevant. The Messiah's and Prophets sent by G-d will be very strict in keeping the laws of the Torah. This was true for every prophet.
Jesus and Muhammad both did not fufil any requirements whatsoever to be a Prophet or Messiah. The Trinity is viewed as polythiesm by many of our Rabbi's and others say it is not. It is a debate I won't get into.
Basicaly the fact that you accept Muhammad and Jesus as a prophet is a contradiction to Judaism. The fact that you say the Quran is G-d's word is a contradiction. We are told specificaly that anyone that says that G-d has written a book and the Torah does not count anymore is a contraditction.
So of course the only for Islam to get around this is to say that the Torah is 'corrupted'... Which if false, but we will not get into deeper details of me proving why.
Muhammad and Jesus both did not follow the Torah's rules, and they also presented other sources from where to follow laws instead of the Torah which basically proves they were not profits sent by G-d under Jewish law. So as I said before... when Jewish law proved him wrong, he said Jewish law was 'corrupted'.. but no more of this because we both have completly different ideals.
Tzit Tzit, or Tallit katan which have threads hang from a vest under his shirt that remind him G-d is on all sides of him.
Speak to the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them fringes on the borders of their garments throughout their generations... (Numbers 15:38)
On his third birthday, there is a special ceremony where the hair is cut short except for the sidecurls. At this time, he also receives his first set of tzitzit (a four-cornered garment with special tassels, see next Q-6 below). He is now no longer a baby, but a child, which is a different category with more responsibility. The hair-cutting ceremony is usually followed by a happy celebration for his family and friends.
The Talmud (תלמוד) is a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. It is the fundamental source of Jewish Law. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah, which is the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law which was given to us by G-d to explain many of the things in the Torah; and the Gemara, a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings, that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh.
Today it is available in English translation...but it remains a text that must be studied with a teacher...as has been the case for over one thousand years-that is the system of Jewish learning.
People tend to mistrabslate it a lot. Whenever I see some of the ridiculous websites that misquote, mistranslate and flat out make up lies about the talmud I laugh very hard.
Hashem is not G-d's name. Hashem is a way to mean G-d but it is not his holy name.
Hashem = The Name
We refer to Hashem when we speak. We do not say G-d, we say Hashem because his real name "ado-noi" (there are also many other ways to say it like Lo-rd, ect....) we do not say it outside of prayer.
We do not say G-d's real name in speech when it does not have to do with prayer or torah study. We say Hashem because his name is very sacred.
The Mishnah (Hebrew משנה, "repetition") is a major source of rabbinic Judaism's religious texts. It is the first recording of the oral law of the Jewish people, as championed by the Pharisees and is considered the first work of Rabbinic Judaism.
Basicaly many of the laws were oraly passed down by millions of Jews to there sons and daughters until we decided to write them down.
It is apparent the current state of Israel is secular. All of the laws are not Jewish law, but instead common moral law. This was done out of love for all the other religions living in Israel so they would not be forced upon Jewish law on them. Most religious people take there cases to private religious courts though and settle it there.
A kohen (or cohen, Hebrew כּהן, "priest", pl. כּהנִים, kohanim or cohanim), is assumed to be a direct male descendant of the Biblical Aaron, brother of Moses.
During the existence of the Temple in Jerusalem, kohanim performed specific duties vis-à-vis the daily and festival sacrificial offerings. The Kohen Gadol (High Priest) played a special role during the service of Yom Kippur. Today, kohanim retain a distinct personal status within Judaism and are still bound by special laws.
To awnser your question "kohanim" is completly semetic, and is mentioned in the Torah for the laws pertaining them.
The Jews come from the side of Abraham that is Jacob. Abraham was about to sacrifice Jacob when he was told to stop, and instead was given another animal to sacrifice.
That is the Jewish belief. You replace Jacob with "Ishmael" of course which was completly unheard of in Judaism for thousands of years until your religion was created.
Jews are from the descendants of Jacob. Ishmaels half brother. And in turn Jacob was the child of Abraham that was almost sacrificed as a test to show Abrahams true devotion to G-d.
