Assalaamu alaikum my dear sis,
Please do read this, even if you don't want to reply.
This is regarding the belief that Allah is everywhere, and the ayah that you brought in support that position.
The Ayah you quoted from Surah al-Baqarah contains the word wajh. This word has many meanings, amongst which are face, front, direction, facade, visage, aspect, side, point, regard, respect, meaning, way, manner and mode. None of my two Arabic dictionaries (abridged Mawrid, and Wortabets) define it as presence. Maybe some dictionaries that you have might define it in that way. The meaning which comes up first in my dictionaries, and which I understand is the main meaning of the word, is face.
The verse has been translated as the following.
Muhsin Khan
: And to Allah belong the east and the west, so wherever you turn yourselves or your faces there is the
Face of Allah (and He is High above, over His Throne). Surely! Allah is All-Sufficient for His creatures' needs, All-Knowing.
Sahih International
: And to Allah belongs the east and the west. So wherever you [might] turn, there is the
Face of Allah . Indeed, Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.
Pickthall
: Unto Allah belong the East and the West, and whithersoever ye turn, there is Allah's
Countenance. Lo! Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing.
Yusuf Ali
: To Allah belong the east and the West: Whithersoever ye turn, there is the
presence of Allah. For Allah is all-Pervading, all-Knowing. (This is the translation that you used I think)
Tafseers on the ayah: There are 2 main opinions as to the asbaan an nuzool (reason for revelation), one view is because the Jews were questioning re: the Qiblah, the other view is that some companions faced the wrong direction for prayer whilst travelling.
Tafsir Jalalayn:
" The following was revealed either when the Jews criticised the change of the direction of prayer [qibla], or concerning the supererogatory prayers on animal-back during journeys, which one may pray in any direction: To God belong the East and the West, that is, the entire earth, because these two [directions] represent both sides of it [the earth]; whithersoever you turn, your faces in prayer by His command, there is the Face of God, the direction of prayer with which He is pleased. Lo! God is Embracing, His bounty embracing all things, Knowing, how to manage His creation."
For the
Tafseer of Ibn Katheer, the most highly regarded tafseer nowadays, I believe, see this link. The tafseer doesn't stop at the bottom of the page, you have to click on the right hand arrow to go to the next page, then read the next page and click once more.
http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=322#1
Tafseer Ibn Abbaas (the prophet's cousin, may Allah be pleased with him)
"Then Allah mentioned the direction of prayer to Him, saying (Unto Allah belong the East and the West) as a direction of prayer for him who does not know the correct direction of prayer, (and whithersoever ye turn) your faces in prayer after ascertaining the direction, (there is Allah's Countenance) that prayer is performed in Allah's pleasure. This verse was revealed about a group of Companions of the Prophet (pbuh) who prayed whilst travelling in the wrong direction after doing their best to determine the correct direction. It is also said that saying (Unto Allah belong the East and the West) means: the people of the East and the people of the West have one direction of prayer which is the Sacred Precinct, and therefore (there is Allah's Countenance) means: that is the direction of prayer to Allah, (Lo! Allah is All-Embracing) regarding the direction of prayer, (All- Knowing) of their intentions."
None of the above great and esteemed scholars suggest that Allah is literally everywhere. For that to have been the case the ayah would have had to read not "fa thamma wajhullah", but " fa thammallah."
Sheikh Saalih al-Munajjid explains quite nicely from verses of the Qur'an:
http://islamqa.com/en/ref/992/Allah%20is%20everywhere
http://islamqa.com/en/ref/11035/Allah%20is%20everywhere
Regarding the Jugular vein verse:
-Miqbâs al tanwir min Tafsîr Ibn ‘Abbâs (the prophet's cousin, may Allah be pleased with him)
"(We verily created a man) the child of Adam; and it is said this means: Abu Jahl (and We know what his soul whispereth to him, and We are nearer to him) We are more aware of him and have more power over him (than his jugular vein) and there is nothing closer to man than this jugular vein."
I hope this helps you understand a bit better sister. None of this is my own saying. I am not about to argue with Ibn Katheer or Abdullah Ibn Abbaas, May Allah be pleased with them, nor with Allah himself, who's face is wherever we turn for prayer, i.e. the Qiblah.
I am sorry that you do not feel able to discuss and debate calmly, but please do read this post and view the links. I am no great scholar, but these people are. It will correct your misunderstanding.
And Allah knows best.
