^ where does the idea of begotten come in then. if jesus is begotten of god, it clearly cant be because he was begotten of mary.
if the son was begotten you contradict "the son was pre-existant" (and many times i hear the christians say the son existed eternally with the father)
To understand we are going to have to think Greek rather than English. I know that sounds like a difficulty, but surely it is no more out of line to suggest that someone think Greek than to suggest that the only way to understand the Qur'an is to think Arabic.
Our English phrase "only begotten" is a translation of the Greek word
monogenes, that literally means "of a single kind," and could even be used in this sense of the Phoenix (as Clement did in his letter, 1 Clement 25:2). And it is also in this sense that it is used in Hebrews 11:17 to refer to Isaac as the
monogenes son of Abraham, even though it is well known that Abraham had two sons. That is why to insist on it being a biological reference misses the proper understanding of the term, which is really refering to the uniqueness of the noun to which it is applied.
monogenes is related to the Greek word
mono meaning "one", "unique" or "only", and distantly related to
gennao meaning "to beget". The present idea of "only begotten" can be traced back to Jerome, who translated the Bible into Latin and used
unigenitus for theological rather than proper linguistic reasons. (You will recall I never argue that there is no corruption of the translations we have today, only that they prevent us from getting back to the original meaning.) Such language became embedded in centuries of Catholic tradition, and when the King James was translated, its translators depended on Jerome's work as well, and the term, which is found in the most famous verse of the Bible, John 3:16, became a fixture in English thought as well.
What it truly means, and modern translations try to convey this, is reflectd by theHebrew term
yahid used in reference to Isaac in Genesis 22:2, 12, and 16. The meaning of
monogenes is centered in the personal existence of the Son, and not in the generation of the Son. Jesus, as the
monogenes is the One (and only one) who can say "I and the Father are one [
hen esmen]" (John 10:30).
monogenes tells us that the Son is included in (not distinct from) the uniquess of God of whom there is none other like him.
Indeed, interestingly, John 1:18 speaks of Christ saying, "No one has ever seen God, but God the only
monogenes Son, who is at the Father's side, has made him known." The oldest manuscripts don't read
ho monogenes huios (the only Son), but
monogenes theos (only God).
So it is that when the Greeks wrote their formulaic understandings of the Christian faith, they asserted the diety of Christ with multiple declarations:
the Son of God,
begotten of the Father [the only-begotten; that is, of the essence of the Father, God of God],
Light of Light,
very God of very God,
begotten, not made,
being of one substance with the Father.
And while Muslims today may think that the statement "begotten" implies some sort of creatureliness, that is exactly why they immediate made clear that it didn't with the phrase "not made". Rather, it communicates that Father and Son share one essence, or, in the words of the creed, are "of one substance". The whole creed is focused on the unity and oneness of God.