Article said:
One of the most repeated claims and arguments by atheists to disprove the existence of God is the evil we see around the world. They often bring up war, torture, famine, rape, and all other forms of evil and then say well if God existed then none of this would be happening!
The opening paragraph is at fault. The Problem Of Evil proposes that if an
omniscient and
omnibenevolent God exists then there would not be injustice and moral evil throughout the world that we inhabit.
The Problem Of Evil does not disprove the concept of a God in its entirety.
Article said:
They claim how can a perfect all-loving merciful God exist when such things are happening. Some of them then deduce from this that if God does indeed exist then he is doing a very bad job, and has messed everything up, and therefore is not even in need of worship nor attention since he cannot control his own creation.
Right. The more notable point though is that it is in contradiction with the attributes of the Theistic God.
Article said:
The argument may sound appealing, however so the argument is a fallacy from the start, since it is using the fallacious method which is called "appealing to emotions" basically the person arguing here is appealing to a persons emotions rather than actually logically studying and examining the facts.
Except the the inconsistencies with the state of the world and the self-proclaimed attributes of God equal the fact which bring up the proposal of The Problem Of Evil .
Article said:
Secondly the person arguing this case has committed a second fallacy, which is "straw man", basically the person who is making this argument has distorted and twisted what Islam really teaches about God and how he does things.
Actually, no. It isn't doing that at all. The Problem Of Evil does not necessarily have to focus on any Islamic teaching ideals. It only has to focus on the attributes of the traditional theistic God and then contrast them with the reality of human existence (or the existence of the planet).
Article said:
Now what does Islam teach about God and his creation? Islam teaches us that God is perfect, he has no defects, he is free from all error and mistake, however so as far as creation goes then creation is not perfect, nor is creation free from error and mistakes.
Then
1 or
2 is the case.
1. God deliberately established creation in error (and therefore holds a fair amount of blame for establishing the circumstances of existence)
2. God made an error and the creation was not perfect. This cannot be so though as God is omniscient and therefore incapable of making a mistake, therefore
1 must necessarily be the case.
Article said:
Hence when humans commit evil, and commit major sins, such as murder, mass thievery, and other major acts of evil this has nothing to do with God, it is not God's fault, it is the fault of that human being
Except that in a multitude of ways, it is precisely the fault of God. God created us (assuming God exists) and therefore is entirely responsible for the state of affairs that we live in.
A possible person named
X in any world would always in all scenarios torture person
B in scenario
C. This is an immoral action and it is from person
X himself, however - the existence of
X is contingent and God does not need to create
X. The circumstances of the action are also meaningless and also do not need to be actualised. God being omniscient would be able to prevent such moral evil and given benevolence would therefore prevent such evil.
This argument is entirely applicable in the case of all free actions. If person
X tortures
B then person
X is creating circumstances for
B For instance
X actualises the circumstance of torturing and are responsible for such a circumstance. However though, the nature of person
X and his response to scenario
C is in question. It is clear that we have the makings of a causal chain here, with each free action being caused by the person's nature and the circumstance, the circumstance being caused by another free person, etc... until we reach the point where God begins this chain. God
could have chosen to create another chain where it leads to virtue and would have been within God's power to do so and therefore God is ultimately responsible for the actions
X
Article said:
God is free from what this evil person has done because God does not sanction nor call for it.
But God creates it and with full knowledge of the results. God understands it its entirety what the eventual result of all '
free' actions will result in which brings into argument the next issue of actual free-will in the face of omniscience.
Article said:
Now the atheist will resort to another tactic, after you tell him this he will say "well if God is perfect, all powerful, then why does he not make his creation perfect? Why does he allow such things to happen?"
Sort of.
Article said:
Now the atheist is committing another major problem. Many will notice atheists often mock Islam for having so many rules on what to do and what not to do, they claim it is like a dictator. However so the atheist now wants God to become a complete dictator and control us humans and make us perfect!
Except that perfection in this case is being used to separate moral evil from moral righteousness. The point is that the existence of moral evil in any circumstance invalidates the case for benevolence in God, or the existence of a benevolent God itself.
Article said:
God gave man free will, hence when you sin, and commit evil, it is because God gave you free will to do what you want, so basically the atheist now wants God to go back on giving us free will and to turn us into controlled robots!
We can now discuss the contradiction between free-will and omniscience.
Premise 1: Allah is Omniscient
(Allah knows every event, every outcome and every fact)
Premise 2: Choice involves more than a single outcome.
(If real choice exists then there must be the possibility to exist more than one resulting action from a consideration. For example if I decide to tie my shoes, then I should be equally able to decide otherwise. There should be an existing possibilities of me either tying my shoes or not tying my shoes which necessarily must result from my own choices for this to be an action of independent thought.)
Premise 3: Free-Will involves the ability to exercise choice
(If Free-Will is asserted to exist amongst us, then there must be necessarily, the ability to uphold real choice (as highlighted above). I must have the ability to choose between action A and action B through my own ability to make real choice.)
A: Allah is proclaimed to be omniscient (Premise 1). Allah therefore knows the outcome of every action, event and has knowledge of every fact.
B: A human choice is an event. If I decide to go to the shops, then I am initiating a state of affairs.
C: If Allah knows the outcome of every event then he knows the outcome of every single human choice. (Premise 1)
D: If Allah knows the outcome of any future choice by any being, then the outcome described is the only possible outcome because:
D1: If any outcome from a human choice was different than Allah's knowledge then Allah would be wrong. This contradicts Premise 1
D2: If Allah was wrong then Allah would not be omniscient.
E: If any choice has only one outcome then there is no choice at all. (Premise 3)
(Free Choice relies on the ability to do otherwise. Free-Will relies on the ability of choice. Both are made redundant by the existence of omnipotence contained within a single source (in this scenario: contained within God). If God is omniscient then God necessarily knows the result of all actions within humanity. If all actions within humanity are known then there is no such things as Free-Choice since the outcome has already been pre-seen. If this is the case then there is no Free-Will because Free-Will is dependent upon the ability to exercise choice.)
F: If every choice has only one outcome then there is actual no choice at all, only events.
G: If Allah is omniscient, then every choice is no choice at all.
(Omniscience necessitates the ability of knowledge of all outcomes: past, present and future. This also necessarily leads to God knowing all future events that will happen. If all future events are known to happen, then all human choices are also known to happen. If all human choices are known to happen and cannot change then they lose the status of 'choice' and simply become rendered into events. As Premise 3 states, choice relies on the possibility of more than one specific outcome. If only a specific outcome can happen then there is no choice, only consequences of events. Only under omnipotence can this happen as all future 'choices' would already be known by the source which possesses omnipotence.)
If Allah is omniscient, then there is no free-will at all.
Article said:
Also what is good and bad? When an atheist says why doesn't God stop all the bad evil going around the world what exactly is the atheist referring to? Because to a Muslim evilness includes fornication, strip clubs, drugs, and alcohol, yet to most atheists these things are okay and are not evil!
This is simply an unsubstantiated generalisation.
Article said:
So therefore if the atheists want to stop the evil around the world, then the first thing they should do is accept God, accept his rules, accept his laws, accept everything he has told you, and after this they should call people to the same thing, because evil will only end when the entire society finally obeys God and his rules as they should be obeyed, yet hardly anyone is doing that and this is why the world is so corrupt.
Except that you must provide reason to believe in your understanding of what a God potentially is. You must provide moral reason, empirical evidence and/or unrivaled logic which verifies the necessity of a God, more specifically Allah.
Malaikah said:
Answer: Firstly, as Muslims we must always think the best of Allah and know that Allah is the Just, the Wise and that his wisdom is greater than anything we can ever imagine. It is a part of our faith to never question something that happens, and to recognize that this is a part of Allah’s Wills, and no matter how devoid of good it might seem to us, Allah always has a reason for allowing something to happen.
This is a great shame.
Malaikah said:
We might not recognize the good that might come from it, but that is because, as humans, we have little foresight, whereas only Allah truly understands the wisdom and benefit behind something has tragic as the tsumani. The benefit that comes from it must be for the ‘greater good’, i.e. the good in it out ways the harm.
The harm is not necessary if an omniscient and benevolent God exists.
Malaikah said:
The story of Khidr (`alaihis salam) and Musa (`alaihis salam), mentioned in Surat Al-kahf is an excellent example of this. Allah had willed for a child to die, something which would be considered heartbreaking by many, especially the parents, and some weak in imam might actually turn against Allah is confront by such a calamity. However, in the particular story mentioned in the surah, the death of the child was actually a blessing to the parents, since if he had grown up he would have been a source of despair for them.
This is unjust. This contradicts the assertion of free-will. The child in this story has been willed to die and has been seen to be a 'source of despair'. If there is free-will then how could it be the case that the child in this story could only actualise a specific state of affairs from his or her own choice? Choice depends on the ability to freely choose between any number of actions in any given circumstance. This is undermined in its entirety here.
Malaikah said:
Allah allowed the child to die in a state of innocence, protecting him from becoming an evil person in adulthood and protecting his parents from his evil, while replacing the child with another child who would be a source of comfort for the child.
Given Allah is omniscient and supposedly concerned for the affairs of humankind, then Allah could just as well ensure the children does
not grow up to become evil, but instead grows up to become virtuous.
Malaikah said:
When a calamity befalls the ummah*, it might be that Allah is trying to preserve one of the five universal matters. So, with the example of the tsunami, a major sacrifice of life was made, and it must have been to preserve the deen** in some way, since the deen is the only matter that ranks higher than life.
It however, was completely unnecessary considering the omniscience of Allah.
Malaikah said:
You are forgetting, Trumble, that God did not force this upon us, rather it is a Muslims belief that ALL of mankind accepted the offer. There can be no blame on God.
In the case of Allah's existence, it is entirely Allah's fault. He actualised all states of affair and therefore began the causal chain.
It is also completely false to state that mankind accepted the offer.
Malaikah said:
We were created to worship Allah. Allah has His reasons for giving us the offer, I do not know what they are, other than that we were created to worship Him. I don't need to know anything else, if Allah did not tell us, then we do not need to know.
But the more important point is that you claimed we accepted the offer.
When did we accept it?
Malaikah said:
The point is that we agreed. you might not like it know, but you obviously had no problem with it when it was offered. It was a verbal agreement, and we all agreed to it, you and me both, I'm not sure of the details... it has something to do with us all being taken out of Prophet Adam and asked.
If I agreed in such circumstances I am unaware of it and Allah would have known my eventual disagreement with the 'offer' and therefore he is forcing it upon me under pain of hellfire?
Malaikah said:
He does not want to stop it for a reason. He has His reasons, even if He doesn't share then with you and me (see my first post in this thread). this life was never designed to be perfect and care free- that is what Paradise is for. This life was created as a test, and there is no test in a life that is worry free.
The test is completely meaningless. God knows the result of all events and we have no free-will to do anything other than what God knows so under Islam there is no meaning to any test.