I got it from my mother who studied Quran and Islam very much. she read many books like Tafheemul-Quran Commentary by Sayyad Abu Al-Ala Maududi and other commentaries like Ibn Kathir and Marif-ul-Quran. She also studied many books on Islam and attended many lectures.
as a child i used to listen to Abdul-Basit Quran recitation which i loved and it was amazing that i started to understand the arabic word's meaning even though i didn't know arabic. One reason for this was that when some surah would be recited, my mother would tell us the story about it. For example, when we listened to Surah Yusuf, my mother told us the story about Prophet Yusuf Alaihi Salaam. sometimes she would tell us the commentary. in general, she learned Islam so well from all the books that she had studied, and then she relayed that information to us while we were growing up.
i also was given some books about the Sahaba, including a book i was given by an American Muslim revert. So i learned about parts of Islamic history from them and a lot of Islamic history i learned from my mother, who learned it from tafsir and other books. reading a good tafsir will give you a lot of information about Islamic history and the Sahabas.
after ward, i attended some lectures and read some books. if i liked a scholar's speech, i'd look for more of his speeches. if a speaker was such that didn't know how to speak or didn't have much information, i'd get bored fast and wouldn't want to go to his speech again.
in my college course, i studied many islamic subjects, including fiqh and tafseer, etc.