Revision - Al-Mandhoomatul Bayqooniyyah

[Mawaddah]

WHAAAAAAAAAAATTTTTTTTT?????????

Hey is this a hide and seek game going on or something??

I find mine and you lose yours???

;D;D

Yallah find it quick!!! :anger:

 

[amirah_87]

Hahaaa.. Maw,A Major "Tandheef wa Tarteeeb " ocuured to our sad excuse of a "Maktabah" lol .. Now I don't know where's what!?! :hiding:

Maa liy illaa an ab7ath lahuu wa a7firhu min baynal kutub al-ukharr.. but inshaAllah I have a rough idea of it's whereabouts, dont worry!

This always happens with us though Lol, even in the Qawlul Mufeed Muraaja'ah!! :heated: .. Must be contagious mg: mg:

Khayr inshaAllah!! ;D ... You just get to answering the question wa da'nee ab7ath li-haqqiy!

 

[Mawaddah]

MashaAllah, that's correct sisters.. :shade:

Next question: what is the ruling of the "mursal as-sahaabiy"?

I dont know if the definition of Mursal as-Sahaabiy has been given? :?

It is : What has been narrated from the Sahaabi from the Prophets sayings or actions which he (the Sahaabi) did not hear or witness from He (peace be upon him), It may have either been due to youngness of age, or Because he accepted Islaam late, or because he was not present.

The ruling of this type of Mursal is that it is accepted because it is a General ruling that all of the Sahaabah are 'Udool (trustworthy)


Next Question Yaa Ahibaa'ee

What is the Definition of the Ghareeb Hadeeth, and why was it named with the term Ghareeb?

Atrukukum fi Amanillah

 

[amirah_87]

Next Question Yaa Ahibaa'ee

What is the Definition of the Ghareeb Hadeeth, and why was it named with the term Ghareeb?

Atrukukum fi Amanillah

The Ghareeb hadeeth is:

A hadeeth that's occured in it's sanad tafarrud by one of the narrators, this tafarrud can also be in any part of the sanad.

(i cannot find the exact word for tafrrud in english at the moment, please bear with me.. n if i forget about it, please post it up naahiy? BaraakAllahu feekum)

Wal-Ghareeb summiya bi'dhaalik li'annahu kal'ghareeb al-waheed alladhee laa' ahla lahuu.

(aywaa aywaa 3adanee kasalaa maa qadart 'alat-tarjemeh dal7eeneh, da'nee wa sha'nee mon! :rollseyes )

An example of a hadeeth that's ghareeb:

Hadeeth: Innamall 'amaalu binniyyaat / Actions are but by intentions.

Mukhtasar jiddan sa7, namshee 'alaa barakatillaah.

Next:

In the Hadeeth above explain how the taffarrud occured.

 

[Maimunah]

i was thinking if u can also post the arabic verson of what ur sayin aswell. that is if u can

 

[amirah_87]

i was thinking if u can also post the arabic verson of what ur sayin aswell. that is if u can

Wa alaykum as salaam,

You mean just the Abyaat / poems or the actual texts and explanations of them?

 

[Maimunah]

post the daleel in arabic plus the translation in english please sister

:W:

 

[amirah_87]

Wa alaykum as salaam,

Oooh ok then InshaAllah.

Since Shaheedah's left we aint gotten nowhere man! :-[ :heated:

Here's the next question Guys:

Next:

In the Hadeeth above explain how the taffarrud occured

 

[Maimunah]

ave been tryin to answer it but its toooooooooo hard.

sorry

 

[amirah_87]

Wa alaykum as salaam,

You'd have to look at the Sanad/ chain of narrators for it...

 

[amirah_87]

Ok, here goes the answer to the question:

Next:

In the Hadeeth above explain how the taffarrud (possesion) occur?

Hadeeth Umar: "Innamal 'amaalu bin-niyyaat".. Actions are but by intentions..

تفرد بروايته عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عمر ابن الخطاب , ثم علقمة عنه , ثم محمد ابن ابراهيم التيمي عنه, ثم يحيى بن سعيد اﻻنصاري , ثم اشتهر بعد ذلك​

Ibn Umar radiyalAllaahu 'anhu narrated it from the Prophet salallaahu 'alayhi wasallam alone and narrated from him only was 'Alqamah and from 'Alqamah.. Muhammed ibn Ibraaheem At-Taymiy and from Muhammed..Yahya ibn Sa'eed Al-Ansaariy and from Yahya the Taffrud (possesion of one) stopped and it became Mash'huur/wide spread between the narrators.

 

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

:salamext: girls
I made these notes after listening to Yasir Qadhi's explanation of the sciences of hadeeth (part 1). Can you check if I put it down right, and correct any mistakes... or possibly help me to make it easier to understand.

Sciences of Hadeeth​

Categories of hadeeth:

Acceptable:

- Saheeh lidhaatihi (Authentic according to its own merit)
o Complete Isnaad.
o ‘Adl – trustworthy narrators. The definition is: A Muslim person who is sane and of age, and avoids the major sins and also avoids continuing minor sins.
o Dhabt – highly accurate narrator.
o It cannot be shaadh – meaning a hadeeth that contradicts something stronger than it, i.e. the Qur’an or a hadeeth stronger than it.
o The hadeeth cannot have an ‘ilah (a hidden defect that only a muhaddith can spot), e.g. a narration from ibn Mas’ood. 10 people in the chain said that the narration was from ibn Mas’ood (e.g., “ibn Mas’ood said…”). One person forgot it was from ibn Mas’ood, and raised it to the saying of the Prophet (SAW) by accident, yet all the other conditions are there. This is the most difficult condition to spot.
o When you have two or more hasan hadeeth, with the same matn (text), but with two different isnaad (chain of narrations), it is raised to the level of Saheeh lighayrihi (Saheeh according to supporting evidences).

- Hasan lidhaatihi (Good according to its own merit)
o Fulfills all of the five criteria of a Saheeh hadeeth, except that in condition three, instead of the narrators being Dhabt, they are average in their memory.
o When you have two or more da’eef hadeeth, with the same matn (text), but with two different isnaad (chain of narrations), it is raised to the level of hasan lighayrihi (good according to supporting evidences).
o Anything below this, it is not acceptable to act upon this, according to the vast majority of scholars. As for mawdoo’, all of the scholars agree that this cannot be acted upon.​

Da’eef (weak):

1. The isnaad is not continuous or complete:

o Mursal:- The isnaad is broken, the companion is missing , e.g. ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar is missing from the chain, and Naafi’ (a tabi’ee) reports directly from the Prophet (SAW), thought he never met him. This is the strongest type of mursal hadeeth, since only the companion is missing, and all of the sahaba are ‘adl and Dhabt, as Allah has praised them in the Qur’an and stated that He is pleased with them, so they do not lie about the Prophet.
o Mu’allaq:– when the primary shaykh of the author or more people are missing from the end of the chain. For example, Bukhari reports from Imam Malik, though he studied under his students, but he never met Imam Malik. The gap has to be continuous. For example, He misses his shaykh, the shaykh’s shaykh, and that shaykh’s shaykh. Even if, for example, Bukhari directly quoted the Prophet, this is still mu’allaq, as the gap is continuous.
o Mu’dhal :- Two consecutive people are missing. For example, Bukhari said, that ‘Abdullah ibn Maslamah said, that ibn ‘Umar said, that the Prophet said.
- Mu’allaq Mu’dhal: Two consecutive people are missing, and the primary shaykh is also missing, e.g. Bukhari said, that Naafi’ said, that ibn ‘Umar said, that the Prophet said.
o Munqati’ – Any other break in the chain is Munqati’, this is in the specific sense. However, some scholars of hadeeth generally refer to any break in chain as Munqati’.
o Mudallas: Normally, the scholars would use specific language such as, ‘I heard’, or ‘So-and-so narrated to me’. However, sometimes the word ‘an is used, which means ‘from’. It is not clear if they heard these words directly. Certain narrators were known for using these terms, though they never met the person whom they heard from. The scholars of hadeeth hated tadlees, and specific books were written on those who performed tadlees on purpose.

2. The narrators are not ‘Adl:
o If his ‘adaalah is impugned, his hadeeth will always be either da’eef jiddan or mawdoo’. For example;
o Major innovators of the deviant sects, e.g. a raafidhee.
o Liar. However, if he used to lie against the Sunnah, his hadeeth will be classified as fabricated. If he lied about worldly affairs, his hadeeth will be classified as da’eef jiddan.
o Committed major sins.
o If the narrator is unknown (majhool person), and there’s no biography of him, then we don’t know if he was a liar or pious person. This hadeeth is da’eef. However, if only one person narrated from them, it is da’eef jiddan. If two or more narrators narrated from him, it is da’eef.

3. The narrators are not Dhabt.
o There are various levels of Dhabt.
- If you have the highest quality, your hadeeth are Saheeh.
- If you are average, your hadeeth are hasan.
- If you are below average, then it is da’eef.
- However, if you’re really below average, your hadeeth are da’eef jiddan.
- Mawdoo’ does not fit in to this category, as the ‘adl is checked before the Dhabt.

4. Shaadh hadeeth.
o A hadeeth that contradicts something that is stronger than it. The outer isnaad looks authentic (meets the first three conditions), but in the matn contradicts something that is stronger than it.
o E.g., ‘Aisha (ra) narrated that the Prophet would lie on his right side after praying two raka’ah of Sunnah for Fajr. However, one of the narrators made a mistake, and said that the Prophet (SAW) said when you pray two raka’as of Sunnah for Fajr, then lie down on your right hand side. So he changed the action in to a statement. In order to correct this you need to compare it to stronger ahadeeth, e.g. the narrators have more Dhabt.
5. Mu’allal.
o Has a hidden defect. Example was given in the Saheeh category.
​

Da’eef jiddan (very weak):

2. The narrators are not ‘Adl:
o Major innovators of the deviant sects, e.g. a raafidhee.
o If the narrator is unknown (majhool person), and there’s no biography of him, then we don’t know if he was a liar or pious person. This hadeeth is da’eef. However, if only one person narrated from them, it is da’eef jiddan.
o Liar. If he lied about worldly affairs, his hadeeth will be classified as da’eef jiddan.
o Committed major sins.
3. The narrators are not Dhabt.
- If your strength of memory is really below average, your hadeeth are da’eef jiddan.​

Mawdoo’ (fabricated):

2. The narrators are not ‘Adl:
o If his ‘addaalah is impugned, his hadeeth will always be either da’eef jiddan or mawdoo’. For example;
o Major innovators of the deviant sects, e.g. a raafidhee.
o Liar; if he used to lie against the Sunnah, his hadeeth will be classified as fabricated.
o Committed major sins.​

The Classification of a Hadeeth depending on its final authority:

o Marfoo’: Linguistically this means ‘raised’. If the hadeeth goes back to the authority of the Prophet (SAW).
o Mawqoof: Goes back to a companion.
o Maqtoo’: Goes back to the successors (tabi’een and tabi’ tabi’een), e.g. Ikrimah, Mujaahid, ‘Alqamah, etc. These last two are more appropriately named ‘athaar’. These are based on their knowledge.​

Definition of a sahaabi: A person who saw the Prophet (SAW), in the Prophets lifetime, and believed in the prophet, and died upon eemaan. He/she also died within 100 years of the Prophet’s death. This is due to the hadeeth:

‘The Prophet prayed one of the ‘Isha prayed in his last days and after finishing it with Tasleem, he stood up and said, “Do you realise (the importance of) this night? Nobody present on the surface of the earth tonight would be living after the completion of one hundred years from this night.”
[Al Bukhari, Vol.1, Book 10, No. 575]

Definition of a Mukhadram: A person that lived at the time of the Prophet (SAW), and met the conditions of a companion, except that he never saw him.

 

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

:salamext:

Part 2.

The science of Al Jarh wa At-Ta’deel​

Jarh: To accuse the narrator of being unacceptable in his transmission of hadeeth. So you are either accusing his ‘adl (trustworthiness) or his Dhabt (strength of memory).

Ta’deel: To make the narrator trustworthy and of an acceptable memory.

This was performed by a special category of muhaditheen of every generation, by the form of testing.

Important Note: The Companions are above jarh wa ta’deel, as they are companions of the Messenger of Allah, and Allah has praised them. So if a tabi’ee were to mention that he heard a hadeeth from ‘a sahaabi’ without mentioning his name, the hadeeth would still be Saheeh as all the sahaaba are trustworthy. In fact, Bukhari has a hadeeth where this occurs in Saheeh al-Bukhari.

Many scholars wrote books on jarh wa ta’deel. There are more than 70-100 in print and available in our times. Later scholars had an advantage over earlier scholars, as they had access to books that earlier scholars did not have access to. So they compiled the earlier works of scholars.

o Imam Bukhari wrote a book at the age of 18 on Jarh wa Ta’deel, named at-tareekh al-kabeer (the big history). This is published in about 8 volumes. This was his first book.

o ‘AbdulGhaniy al-Maqdisee (D.610) wrote a book called al-Kamaal fee Asmaa wa Rijaal. This book was so thorough and so comprehensive, that every scholar after him had to rely on his book. He chose in this book to compile the names of narrators of six books of hadeeth. Till this day, when we refer to ‘the six books’, we refer to the books of hadeeth that he used. They are Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawood, at-Tirmidhi, An-Nasaa’ee, Ibn Majah. These six books became better known after he chose them, so that is why they are famous. This book is not in print today.

o Jamal-ad-Deen al-Mizee (D.720) (one of the students/teachers/close friends of ibn Taymiyyah) took Al Kamaal fee Asmaa wa Rijaal and added to it, subtracted unnecessary information and compiled another book named tahdheeb al-Kamaal. This is the standard major reference of the muhaditheen of our time. So the reason al-Kamaal fee Asmaa wa Rijaal is not in print is because Jamal-ad-Deen al-Mizee reorganising it so well, that al-Kamaal fee Asmaa wa Rijaal became ignored. This book is published in 38 volumes, and is the biggest encyclopaedia of jarh wa ta’deel in existence.

o Ahmad ibn ‘Ali ibn Hajar (D.854) took this book tahdheeb al-Kamaal and condensed and compressed it in to a smaller work. This book was called tahdheeb at-tahdheeb (the summary of the summary). This book is available in four or five volumes. However he felt that this was also too big, so he wrote a book called taqreeb at-tahdheeb (condensing of the summary). This is available in one volume. All it contains is his name, his kunyah, his father’s name, grandfather’s name, tribe, his date of death and his degree or level of jarh or ta’deel. This was one word at the end, e.g. da’eef, kadhdhaab, Haafidh or Imaam.​

These are the more important works of jarh wa ta’deel.

Categories of jarh wa Ta’deel:
From highest to lowest;
Ta’deel

o Extreme words of praise, e.g. Imaam of the Dunyaa, shaykh-ul-Islaam, Imaam-ul-Muhaditheen, Haafidh-ad-Dunyaa or ‘I don’t know anyone of his status’, etc. This is very rare and limited to the highest scholars such as Sufyaan ath-Thawree, Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Imam Bukhari, Sufyaan ibn ‘Uyainah.
o High words of praise, such as ‘He is not one that is asked about’, i.e., his ‘adl and Dhabt is so high that you should not even question it – there is no doubt.
o To repeat a phrase of ta’deel twice. For example, Imaamun Haafidh, Thiqqatun ‘adl, thiqqatun Haafidh, thiqqatun Hujjah, etc.
o To use one word of ta’deel. For example, thiqqah. So all of the above, their hadeeth are Saheeh, as long as there is no shaadh or ‘ilah.
o When you use average phrases, e.g. ‘he has no problem’
o Lowest category of praise, e.g. ‘InshaAllah he’s thiqqah’, ‘thiqqah but makes some mistakes’. With these last two categories, their hadeeth are hasan.​

Jarh

o The slightest term for weakness, e.g., ‘people talk about him’ (meaning the scholars of hadeeth), ‘we have our doubts’.
o To be explicit, e.g. ‘Da’eef’, ‘Cannot memorise his hadeeth’, ‘has some strange hadeeth’. These two categories will be classified as da’eef.
o Severely dispraise, e.g. ‘Da’eef jiddan’, ‘rejected’, ‘it is not permissible to narrate from him’.
o To accuse him of lying, e.g. ‘He was accused of lying’. Both of these hadeeth are da’eef jiddan.
o To explicitly accuse him of lying, e.g. ‘he was a kadhdhaab!’, ‘so-and-so stole hadeeth’, ‘fabricated hadeeth’.
o The worst category, e.g. ‘Fulaan Dajjaal’, ‘the leader of the liars’. These last two are mawdoo’.​

Types of Hadeeth Books, and Examples


Jawaami’ (comprehensive): These would include fiqh, Tafseer, history, qasas of the anbiyaa, ‘aqeedah. An example of this would be;

o Al Muwatta of Imam Malik ibn Anas (D.179).
o Saheeh al-Jaami’ al-Musnad al-Mukhtasar min sunan ar-Rasoolillahi sal-Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam min sunan wa af’ali wa ayaamihi (Saheeh al-Bukhari) by Muhammad ibn Isma’eel al-Bukhari (D.260).
o Saheeh Muslim by Muslim ibn Hajjaaj al-Qushayri (D.261).​

Sunan: Concentrated on fiqh, and this was the primary purpose.

o Sunan Abee Dawood, by Abu Dawood Sulayman ibn ‘Ash’ath as-Sijastaanee (275). This is the most authentic of the sunan works.
o Sunan at-Tirmidhee, by Muhammad ibn ‘Easa at-Tirmidhee (D.279). However, this work is closer to being a jaami’, and this is how many scholars refer to it.
o Sunan ibni Maajah, by Muhammad ibn Yazeed ibn Maajah (D.279).
o Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, by Ahmad ibn Shu’ayb an-Nasaa’ee (D.303). He was the last of the six muhaditheen to die.
o Sunan ad-Daaraqutnee.
o Sunan ad-Daarimee.
All of these are in print, and all except ad-Daarimee have a sharh (explanation).​

Musnad: Arranged according to the sahaabi.

o Musnad of Ahmad ibn Hanbal (D.241). This is the most prominent of the Musnad books.​

Mu’jam: Arranged alphabetically based on the shaykhs of the student.

o Mu’jam of at-Tabaraani (D.370). He had three mu’jams;
- Mu’jam al-Kabeer
- Mu’jam al-Awsad
- Mu’jam as-sagheer​

‘Ilal: Books describing the ‘Ilal of hadeeth.

o The most famous being that of ad-Daaraqutnee. This is comprised of 11 volumes.​

Ajzaa': Small books on a small topic, similar to a pamphlet.

 

[seeker_of_ilm]

On the topic of Hadith Sciences, an excellent set of 20 lectures on the topic can be found here:


http://islamlecture.com/mustalah.htm

 

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

:salamext:

I don't get it. How do you download it?

 

[Umm Yoosuf]

:wasalamex :muslimah:

I was wondering the same thing!


Al Muwahhidah Masha Allah. Keep them coming

 

[seeker_of_ilm]

Just right click the Windows Media Player logo, for the lecture you want, and click "Save target as..." and Save.

 

[MinAhlilHadeeth]

:salamext:

But when I try to save... it says htm. document.:?

 

[seeker_of_ilm]

I found this http://www.islamicboard.com/581917-post1.html the links are all there, and they save in the mp3 format.

 

[seeker_of_ilm]

Accompanying notes to the above lectures:

http://islamlecture.com/documents/mustalah.pdf